Cattle depredation by puma (Puma concolor) and jaguar (Panthera onca) in central-western Brazil

Palmeira, Francesca Belem Lopes; Crawshaw, Peter G.; Haddad, Cláudio Maluf; Ferraz, Kátia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros; Verdade, Luciano Martins

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2007.09.015

Cited by 134 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar findings have been observed by jaguars in the Amazon (Michalski et al 2006;Palmeira et al 2008). The number of game attacks occurring during the dry season was significantly higher than during the wet season.…”

Section: Temporal Patterns Of Leopard Predationsupporting

confidence: 76%

The impacts, characterisation and management of human–leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa

2015

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Human-carnivore conflict represents a global problem, negatively impacting carnivore populations and local livelihoods worldwide. Game farming in South Africa has increased introducing a new form of conflict due to predation on game, but is poorly understood. We contribute to this deficit by adopting an interdisciplinary research approach bringing together quantitative and qualitative data with longitudinal engagement with farmers. We assess the impacts, characteristics and management of human-leopard conflict on game and livestock in the Blouberg Mountain Range. Leopards represented 89 % of reported game attacks with the highest number of attacks on impala and 60 % of reported livestock attacks. The economic costs of leopard predation were highest for nyala compared to other game species and the financial cattle and donkey losses represented large economic costs for communal farmers compared to commercial farmers. Both farming communities experienced a reduced sense of wellbeing and for communal farmers, negative spiritual and cultural impacts. The spatial predation risk of game attacks were most affected by increasing distance to water and the risk of predation on livestock attacks increased further away from villages. Livestock attacks were associated with seasonal grazing patterns and the erosion of traditional management livestock strategies due to the economic costs of their implementation and the migrant labour system altering management roles in the community. The timing of game attacks by leopards was related to the birthing seasons for game and seasonal changes in water supply. Similarly, temporal patterns on livestock were related to the calving season and land degradation in communal areas.

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Section: Temporal Patterns Of Leopard Predationsupporting

confidence: 76%

The impacts, characterisation and management of human–leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa

2015

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“…Specifically for the Atlantic Forest biome, the jaguar potential current distribution is mainly restricted to the protected areas as the continuous forest remains is highly suitable for the species (Ferraz et al 2012a). In this case, percentage of vegetation cover and proximity of forest remains are examples of landscape variables that could improve models accuracy, since jaguars are not strictly restricted to habitat patches remnants, but they are also observed using crop and pasture lands (Cullen Junior et al 2005;Palmeira et al 2008;Sollmann et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution Modeling for Conservation Purposes

Ferraz¹,

Ferraz²,

Paula³

et al. 2012

NatCon

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Species distribution models (SDMs) can be useful for different conservation purposes. We discuss the importance of fitting spatial scale and using current records and relevant predictors aiming conservation. We choose jaguar (Panthera onca) as a target species and Brazil and Atlantic Forest biome as study areas. We tested two different extents (continent and biome) and resolutions (~4 Km and ~1 Km) in Maxent with 186 records and 11 predictors (bioclimatic, elevation, land-use and landscape structure). All models presented satisfactory AUC values (>0.70) and low omission errors (<23%). SDMs were scale-sensitive as the use of reduced extent implied in significant gains to model performance generating more constrained and real predictive distribution maps. Continental-scale models performed poorly in predicting potential current jaguar distribution, but they reached the historic distribution. Specificity increased significantly from coarse to finer-scale models due to the reduction of overprediction. The variability of environmental space (E-space) differed for most of climatic variables between continental and biome-scale and the representation of the E-space by predictors differed significantly (t = 2.42, g.l.= 9, P < 0.05). Refining spatial scale, incorporating landscape variables and improving the quality of biological data are essential for improving model prediction for conservation purposes.

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“…These conflicts happen because of competition between human and carnivores for shared and limited resources (Graham et al, 2005). Human-predator conflict causes significant economic losses (Palmeira et al, 2008). Many large carnivore species are adapted to predate on ungulate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

Datiko¹,

Bekele²

2013

GJBS

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An investigation on human-carnivore conflict was carried out between 2011 and 2012 around Chebera Churchura National Park. Totally 312 household samples were identified for interviews. Structured interviews were carried out in seven purposefully selected villages. Eight problematic species such as lion, leopard, jackal, wild dog, hyena, caracal, serval and anubis baboon were identified and considered as the most hazardous animals in the area. Domestic animal loss was the major problems encountered resulting in conflict between human and carnivore. Farmers reported significant problems with wild carnivores. A total of 997 individual losses of domestic animals were reported in the last three years. Predation peaked was observed during the wet season (56.3%). Most respondents reported use of guarding as very effective method in the villages. The level of conflict was increased in the recent years. The close proximity of the villages to the Park and time of a season influenced predation intensity. A combined strategy aimed at both improving husbandry techniques and education will reduce conflicts and contribute to improve conservation of these predators and reduce the loss of livestock in the area.

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Cattle depredation by puma (Puma concolor) and jaguar (Panthera onca) in central-western Brazil

Cited by 134 publications

References 18 publications

The impacts, characterisation and management of human–leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa

The impacts, characterisation and management of human–leopard conflict in a multi-use land system in South Africa

Species Distribution Modeling for Conservation Purposes

Conservation challenge: Human-carnivore conflict in Chebera Churchura National Park, Ethiopia

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