Cationic polymerization of <i>p</i>‐substituted α‐methylstyrenes. III. Effect of polymerization conditions on tacticity and molecular weight for <i>p</i>‐chloro‐α‐methylstyrene

Lenz, Robert W.; Westfelt, Lars

doi:10.1002/pol.1976.170140905

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The second approach was based upon the results obtained by Lenz and co-workers − for an entirely different family of polymers. They observed that a polymer formed by the cationic polymerization of p -methyl-α-methylstyrene had a high degree of crystallinity while the polymer with the same degree of tacticity obtained from the unsubstituted monomer, α-methylstyrene, was not crystalline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Containing Aromatic Substituents by Pseudomonas oleovorans

et al. 1996

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Pseudomonas oleovorans was grown separately on 5-(4‘-tolyl)valeric acid, 5-(4‘-ethylphenyl)valeric acid, 5-(4‘-biphenyl)valeric acid, and 8-(4‘-tolyl)octanoic acid either as the sole carbon source or as a coefeed with either nonanoic acid or 5-phenylvaleric acid. For polymer production, 5-(4‘-tolyl)valeric acid was the most effective growth substrate of the five. It resulted in the production of poly-3-hydroxy-5-(4‘-tolyl)valerate, a crystalline polymer with a glass transition temperature of 18 °C and a melting transition of 95 °C. This poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) is apparently the first example of a crystalline aromatic-containing bacterial PHA. When P. oleovorans was cofed an equimolar mixture of 5-phenylvaleric acid and 5-(4‘-tolyl)valeric acid, the polymer produced contained 36 mol % of 3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate and 64 mol % of 3-hydroxy-5-(4‘-tolyl)valerate, and it did not crystallize.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) Containing Aromatic Substituents by Pseudomonas oleovorans

et al. 1996

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“…To produce a crystalline aromatic PHA, the synthesis of PHAs containing the methylphenyl group was attempted based on the results of previous studies [46,47,48]. These studies reported that the polymer formed by the cationic polymerization of para -methyl-α-methylstyrene showed a high degree of crystallinity, whereas the polymer obtained from α -methylstyrene did not crystallize.…”

Section: Biosynthesized Phas Bearing Aromatic Groups As Side Chainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Characteristics of Aromatic Polyhydroxyalkanoates

2018

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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters synthesized by bacteria as a carbon and energy storage material. PHAs are characterized by thermoplasticity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, and thus have attracted considerable attention for use in medical, agricultural, and marine applications. The properties of PHAs depend on the monomer composition and many types of PHA monomers have been reported. This review focuses on biosynthesized PHAs bearing aromatic groups as side chains. Aromatic PHAs show characteristics different from those of aliphatic PHAs. This review summarizes the types of aromatic PHAs and their characteristics, including their thermal and mechanical properties and degradation behavior. Furthermore, the effect of the introduction of an aromatic monomer on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PHAs is discussed. The introduction of aromatic monomers into PHA chains is a promising method for improving the properties of PHAs, as the characteristics of aromatic PHAs differ from those of aliphatic PHAs.

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“…• C. 199,200 Copolymers with poly-DMS have been achieved using p-isopropyl-α-methylstyrene, 201 butadiene, 202 maleic anhydride, 203 and thermoplastic compositions such as acrylonitrile and maleic acid derivatives. 204 3.1.7 Sugars.…”

Section: Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%