Cathepsin L and cystatin B gene expression discriminates immune cœlomic cells in the leech Theromyzon tessulatum

Lefebvre, Christophe; Vandenbulcke, Franck; Bocquet, Béatrice; Tasiemski, Aurélie; Desmons, Annie; Verstraete, Mathilde; Salzet, Michel; Cocquerelle, Claude

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2007.11.007

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, transcriptional induction was not observed continuously throughout the 24 h post-bacterial challenge. A similar situation has been explained by suggesting that the protease could be regulated at translational or post-translational levels and that it may be undetectable by northern-blot or RT-PCR (Lefebvre et al 2008). Both the response time and the induction level varied in different tissues (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Cathepsin L in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides: molecular cloning and gene expression after a Vibrio anguillarum challenge

JingZhen

Rao

Lun

et al. 2012

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, is an important fish maricultured in many Asian countries. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of cathepsin L, an immunity related gene of fishes, was isolated from E. coioides using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). It is 1,443 bp in length, including an open reading frame (ORF) of 1,011 bp. The open reading frame encoded a preproprotein of 336 amino acids (aa), which consisted of a signal peptide of 16 aa, a proregion peptide of 98 aa and a mature peptide of 222 aa. The preproprotein contained an oxyanion hole (Gln), a catalytic triad formed by Cys, His and Asn, and the conserved ERWNIN, GNFD and GCNGG motifs, all characteristic of cathepsin L. Homology analysis revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of E. coioides cathepsin L shared 80.1-94.8 % identity with those of reported fishes. Tissue-dependent mRNA expression analysis showed that the cathepsin L transcript was expressed in all the examined tissues of the healthy E. coioides, being highest in the liver and moderate in the heart, gonad and intestine. After Vibrio anguillarum stimulation, the mRNA expression of cathepsin L in E. coioides was significantly increased in the skin, fin, gills, liver, blood, spleen, head kidney and intestine, with the highest observed in the spleen (10.6-fold) at 12 h post-injection and the next in blood (7.5-fold) at 8 h post-injection. These results provided initial information for further studies on the physiological and immunological roles of the cathepsin L gene in the orange-spotted grouper.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Cathepsin L in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides: molecular cloning and gene expression after a Vibrio anguillarum challenge

JingZhen

Rao

Lun

et al. 2012

Fish Physiol Biochem

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“…Coelomic cells have already been described in various segmented worms including leeches [4,19,36,37]. As for arthropods and molluscs, four major cell types, prohemocytes, hyaline hemocytes, granular hemocytes, and eleocytes, have been structurally characterized in the coelomic liquid of annelids [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The blood cells were collected, and immediately fixed according to the protocol previously described [19]. Cells were dehydrated with ethanol and embedded in Epon (polymerization at 60°C for 48 h).…”

Section: Fixation and Preparation For Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and functional characterization of leech circulating blood cells: role in immunity and neural repair

Boidin-Wichlacz

Vergote

Slomianny

et al. 2011

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Unlike most invertebrates, annelids possess a closed vascular system distinct from the coelomic liquid. The morphology and the function of leech blood cells are reported here. We have demonstrated the presence of a unique cell type which participates in various immune processes. In contrast to the mammalian spinal cord, the leech CNS is able to regenerate and restore function after injury. The close contact of the blood with the nerve cord also led us to explore the participation of blood in neural repair. Our data evidenced that, in addition to exerting peripheral immune functions, leech blood optimizes CNS neural repair through the release of neurotrophic substances. Circulating blood cells also appeared able to infiltrate the injured CNS where, in conjunction with microglia, they limit the formation of a scar. In mammals, CNS injury leads to the generation of a glial scar that blocks the mechanism of regeneration by preventing axonal regrowth. The results presented here constitute the first description of neuroimmune functions of invertebrate blood cells. Understanding the basic function of the peripheral circulating cells and their interactions with lesioned CNS in the leech would allow us to acquire insights into the complexity of the neuroimmune response of the injured mammalian brain.

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“…7). Cathepsin L-like proteins have been described in other invertebrate hemocytes (60,61) and are modulated by colonization in both pathogenic (62,63) and beneficial associations (Ref. 64 and this study).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Colonization State Influences the Hemocyte Proteome in a Beneficial Squid–Vibrio Symbiosis

Schleicher

VerBerkmoes

Shah

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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The squid Euprymna scolopes and the luminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri form a highly specific beneficial light organ symbiosis. Not only does the host have to select V. fischeri from the environment, but it must also prevent subsequent colonization by non-symbiotic microorganisms. Host macrophage-like hemocytes are believed to play a role in mediating the symbiosis with V. fischeri. Previous studies have shown that the colonization state of the light organ influences the host's hemocyte response to the symbiont. To further understand the molecular mechanisms behind this process, we used two quantitative mass-spectrometry-based proteomic techniques, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and label-free spectral counting, to compare and quantify the adult hemocyte proteomes from colonized (sym) and uncolonized (antibiotic-treated/cured) squid. Overall, iTRAQ allowed for the quantification of 1,024 proteins with two or more peptides. Thirty-seven unique proteins were determined to be significantly different between sym and cured hemocytes (p value < 0.05), with 20 more abundant proteins and 17 less abundant in sym hemocytes. The label-free approach resulted in 1,241 proteins that were identified in all replicates. Of 185 unique proteins present at significantly different amounts in sym hemocytes (as determined by spectral counting), 92 were more abundant and 93 were less abundant. Comparisons between iTRAQ and spectral counting revealed that 30 of the 37 proteins quantified via iTRAQ exhibited trends similar to those identified by the label-free method. Both proteomic techniques mutually identified 16 proteins that were significantly different between the two groups of hemocytes (p value < 0.05). The presence of V. fischeri in the host light organ influenced the abundance of proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, adhesion, lysosomes, proteolysis, and the innate immune response. These data provide evidence that colonization by V. fischeri alters the hemocyte proteome and reveals proteins that may be important for maintaining host-symbiont specificity. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Cathepsin L and cystatin B gene expression discriminates immune cœlomic cells in the leech Theromyzon tessulatum

Cited by 21 publications

References 55 publications

Cathepsin L in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides: molecular cloning and gene expression after a Vibrio anguillarum challenge

Cathepsin L in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides: molecular cloning and gene expression after a Vibrio anguillarum challenge

Morphological and functional characterization of leech circulating blood cells: role in immunity and neural repair

Colonization State Influences the Hemocyte Proteome in a Beneficial Squid–Vibrio Symbiosis

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