Cathelicidins and defensins antimicrobial host defense peptides in the treatment of TB and HIV: Pharmacogenomic and nanomedicine approaches towards improved therapeutic outcomes

Dlozi, Prince N.; Gladchuk, Angelina; Crutchley, Rustin D.; Keuler, Nicole; Coetzee, Renier; Dube, Admire

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113189

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Five years later, T. Ganz et al first described IBPs produced by human neutrophils, and the term "human defensin" was proposed [29]. At present, IBPs include human defensins, cathelicidins, and some other chemical groups implementing the antimicrobial potential of neutrophils and epithelial cells [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Immune Biomarker Expression Depending on the Uterine Microbiota in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility

Tapilskaya

Savicheva

Shalepo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The endometrium has traditionally been considered sterile. Nowadays, active studies are performed on the female upper genital tract microbiota. Bacteria and/or viruses colonizing the endometrium are known to alter its functional properties, including receptivity and embryo implantation. Uterine cavity inflammation caused by microorganisms leads to disrupted cytokine expression, which, in turn, is mandatory for the successful implantation of the embryo. The present study assessed the vaginal and endometrial microbiota composition and its relation to the levels of cytokines produced by the endometrium in reproductive-aged women complaining of secondary infertility of unknown origin. The multiplex real-time PCR assay was applied for vaginal and endometrial microbiota analysis. The quantitative measurement of endometrial α-defensin (DEFa1), transforming growth factor (TGFβ1), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF2) was carried out using the ELISA (Cloud-Clone Corporation (Katy, TX, USA; manufactured in Wuhan, China). A reliable decline in endometrial TGFβ1 and bFGF2 and an increase in DEFa1 were demonstrated in women with idiopathic infertility when compared to fertile patients. However, TGFβ1, bFGF2, and DEFa1 expression correlated reliably only with the presence of Peptostreptococcus spp. and HPV in the uterine cavity. The obtained results highlight the importance of local immune biomarker determination in the assessment of certain bacteria and viruses’ significance as causative agents of infertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Immune Biomarker Expression Depending on the Uterine Microbiota in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility

Tapilskaya

Savicheva

Shalepo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Although antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promises as therapeutic agents, their clinical application faces several immunological challenges. These limitations stem from issues such as cytotoxicity, biological instability, size constraints, high synthesis costs, immunogenicity, and hemolytic activity (van der Weide et al, 2020, Oliveira et al, 2020, Dlozi et al, 2022. Specifically, cathelicidins in general exhibit low bioavailability and are susceptible to degradation by proteases, thereby restricting feasible routes of administration.…”

Section: Limitations In the Therapeutic Use Of Cathelicidinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in the Therapeutic Potential of Cathelicidins

CONVERSO,

GUERRA,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immunity, aiding in the defense against pathogens. Cathelicidins represent a class of cationic AMPs distributed across various organisms, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. These peptides perform several important functions for the host, contributing to the direct elimination of pathogens by their microbicidal activities, while also promoting immune modulation, wound healing, and anti-tumor effects. Based on their versatility, cathelicidins have been investigated as therapeutic agents against infections, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and tumors. The present review summarizes the most recent discoveries regarding the use of cathelicidins in therapy, while addressing challenges such as cytotoxicity, production costs, and bacterial resistance. Additionally, combining nanomaterials with active, natural antimicrobial peptides, including LL-37 and synthetic analogs like ceragenins, leads to the creation of innovative nanoagents with significant clinical promise. Despite the vast number of pre-clinical studies, very few peptides have progressed to clinical trials. Nevertheless, the recent advances in nanomaterials and synthetic biology may help overcome the current limitations, enabling the use of cathelicidins in future therapeutics.

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“…Nanomedicine has paved the way for new treatment possibilities, including the delivery of antimicrobial host defense peptides, which have shown to enhance therapeutic effectiveness and reduce resistance in TB and HIV infections [ 30 ]. Nanotechnology-based diagnostic methods have exhibited potential in accurately diagnosing HIV in infants—a challenging population to detect [ 31 ].…”

Section: Infectious Disease Management and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanofabricated biosensors show high sensitivity in detecting bacterial infections, contributing to innovative approaches in combatting pediatric infectious diseases [ 29 ]. Furthermore, nanotechnology has contributed in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, improving targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and treatment outcomes [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Nanotechnology in Pediatric Healthcare: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions

Omidian

Mfoafo

2023

Pharmaceutics

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The utilization of nanotechnology has brought about notable advancements in the field of pediatric medicine, providing novel approaches for drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and tissue engineering. Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, resulting in improved drug effectiveness and decreased toxicity. Numerous nanosystems, including nanoparticles, nanocapsules, and nanotubes, have been explored for their therapeutic potential in addressing pediatric diseases such as HIV, leukemia, and neuroblastoma. Nanotechnology has also shown promise in enhancing disease diagnosis accuracy, drug availability, and overcoming the blood–brain barrier obstacle in treating medulloblastoma. It is important to acknowledge that while nanotechnology offers significant opportunities, there are inherent risks and limitations associated with the use of nanoparticles. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the existing literature on nanotechnology in pediatric medicine, highlighting its potential to revolutionize pediatric healthcare while also recognizing the challenges and limitations that need to be addressed.

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Cathelicidins and defensins antimicrobial host defense peptides in the treatment of TB and HIV: Pharmacogenomic and nanomedicine approaches towards improved therapeutic outcomes

Cited by 14 publications

References 87 publications

Local Immune Biomarker Expression Depending on the Uterine Microbiota in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility

Local Immune Biomarker Expression Depending on the Uterine Microbiota in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility

Recent Advances in the Therapeutic Potential of Cathelicidins

Exploring the Potential of Nanotechnology in Pediatric Healthcare: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions

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