Catecholamine Response to Exercise in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Wigal, Sharon B.; Nemet, Damir; Swanson, James M.; Regino, R; Trampush, Joey W.; Ziegler, Michael G.; Cooper, Dan M.

doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000061750.71168.23

Cited by 79 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Berisi 35 butir pernyataan yang dikembangkan oleh Dr. dr. Dwijo Saputro, SpKJ(K). Terdiri dari dua sub-skala, yaitu sub-skala tidak mampu memusatkan perhatian/inatensi (nomor 1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,16,18,19,20,21,22,23,25,26,27,33,35) dan sub-skala hiperaktivitasimpulsivitas (nomor 2,11,12,13,14,15,24,28,29,30,32,34). 2,16 SPPAHI digunakan untuk menilai perubahan perilaku anak.…”

Section: Metodeunclassified

Pengaruh Kepatuhan Latihan Senam Kesegaran Jasmani 1988 Terhadap Perilaku Anak dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas

Mirtha

Sekartini

2016

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Latar belakang. Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas (GPP/H) merupakan gangguan neuropsikiatrik yang disinyalir memberikan dampak negatif bagi kesehatan ketika dewasa. Tujuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan sosiodemografis anak dengan GPP/H, dan pengaruh kepatuhan latihan fisik terhadap perubahan prilaku pada anak GPP/H. Metode. Penelitian eksperimen, pre-post design dengan perlakuan latihan SKJ '88 dilakukan pada subjek penelitian di Sekolah Khusus Al-Ikhsan selama 8 minggu. Pemilihan sampel digunakan metode tanpa acak (non probability sampling) dengan jenis metode consecutive sampling, yaitu semua anak dengan GPP/H yang memenuhi kriteria pemilihan akan diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Analisis data digunakan uji t satu sampel dan uji t berpasangan. Hasil. Di antara 40 subjek penelitian, didapatkan 19 (47,5%) sangat patuh dan 21 (52.5%) patuh. Nilai selisih rata-rata skor SPPAHI orangtua (SPPAHI-O) tiap tipe GPP/H didapatkan inatentif 46,2 (p<0,001), hiperaktif-impulsif 60,4 (p<0,001), campuran 47,6 (p<0,001) ditunjukkan adanya perbaikan perilaku di rumah. Nilai selisih rata-rata skor SPPAHI guru (SPPAHI-G) tiap tipe GPP/H didapatkan inatentif 41,7 (p<0,001), hiperaktif-impulsif 56,8 (p<0,001), campuran 42,2 (p<0,001) ditunjukkan adanya perbaikan perilaku di sekolah. Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepatuhan melakukan latihan SKJ '88 berpengaruh terhadap perbaikan perilaku di rumah (p<0.001) dan di sekolah (p<0.001) pada kelompok subjek sangat patuh maupun patuh. Sari Pediatri 2016;18 (2) Background. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder in children that allegedly affect their health in adulthood.Objective. This research was aimed to find physical characteristic and sociodemography of the children of ADHD and to know the influence of exercise due to changes of behaviour children with ADHD. Methods. This study was experimental research with pre and post design by giving SKJ '88 excercise to the subject of study at Sekolah Khusus Al-Ikhsan for 8 weeks. Sample selection was done without random (nonprobability sampling) with consecutive sampling method types, all children with ADHD who met the selection criteria will be included in the study.

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Section: Metodeunclassified

Pengaruh Kepatuhan Latihan Senam Kesegaran Jasmani 1988 Terhadap Perilaku Anak dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas

Mirtha

Sekartini

2016

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“…21,130,131 Regarding possible side effects of PA, they are clearly related to obesity status, intensity, duration and type of exercise, and hormones directed influenced by exercise (that is, growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 axis hormones and neuroadrenergic hormones). [132][133] However, the observed hormonal changes could be more speculative and influenced by the obesity status. 134,135 In weight-bearing activities, the weight of the obese child might increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.…”

Section: Pa As a Drug: Its Use Effects And Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Brambilla¹,

Pozzobon

Pietrobelli

2010

Int J Obes

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Physical activity (PA) and diet directly influence obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) as important determinants of body composition. Understanding how PA relates to MS in youth is of great importance, and could offer a common strategy for clinical and public health approaches to control this condition. The underlying disorder of MS is a condition of insulin resistance, and a strong relationship between PA level and insulin sensitivity is clearly ascertained. The type, duration, frequency and intensity of PA affect fuel metabolism, in particular carbohydrate and lipid oxidation. The possible modulation of metabolism because of increased fat oxidation by PA is the basis for both prevention and restoration of insulin resistance and MS in obese children. In daily clinical practice, diet followed by pharmacologic treatment are usually the approaches taken, whereas PA is often considered just a suggestion. Although diet and PA have different effects on body composition, with both contributing to fat loss, only PA increases muscle mass and thus has a direct effect on metabolic function, expressed by changes in cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, it is important to remember their complementary but different targets in daily clinical practice, such as body weight control for diet and metabolic health for PA. In this review, we have summarized the literature on the relationship between PA and MS in pediatrics. Then, we have analyzed the possibility of using PA for MS treatment, as an alternative to drugs, by discussing the results of intervention studies, reasons for low compliance to PA, related benefits, adherence difficulties and costs. Finally, we have tried to suggest recommendations for a multiple-step PA strategy in children and adolescents at risk for MS, by considering PA as the 'key' player in treatment.

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“…Multiple lines of c o n v e r g i n g e v i d e n c e f r o m g e n e t i c s , neurophysiology, neuropsychology, neuroscience, and neuropharmacology support the role of these neurotransmitter systems in ADHD, although their interactions with other neurotransmitter systems, gender, and environmental risk factors are still not fully clarified [6][7][8] . Despite extensive evaluations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, and urine samples from patients of variable age groups, the search for reliable and replicable biomarkers of ADHD has proven unsatisfactory [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Some studies suggest that diet, exercise and stress may also have shortterm effects on plasma catecholamine levels in children and adolescents with ADHD 14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite extensive evaluations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, and urine samples from patients of variable age groups, the search for reliable and replicable biomarkers of ADHD has proven unsatisfactory [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Some studies suggest that diet, exercise and stress may also have shortterm effects on plasma catecholamine levels in children and adolescents with ADHD 14,15 . Upon evaluating the results, some have proposed that the dopamine transporter genotype (DAT1) or methylphenidate response may be used as biomarkers, while others have underlined the importance of sample heterogeneity in studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies suggest that diet, exercise and stress may also have shortterm effects on plasma catecholamine levels in children and adolescents with ADHD 14,15 . Upon evaluating the results, some have proposed that the dopamine transporter genotype (DAT1) or methylphenidate response may be used as biomarkers, while others have underlined the importance of sample heterogeneity in studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . A recent meta-analysis reported that 33.8% of the 210 studies evaluated had focused on the main metabolites and enzymes of the monoamine pathway and that norepinephrine (NE), 3-methox, 4,hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) were found to be significantly different between cases and controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Norepinephrine and Dopamine Levels in Prepubertal Male Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder do not Change with 8 Weeks of Methylphenidate Treatment

Alşen

Resmi

Özek

et al. 2015

Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychophar

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ABS TRACT:Plasma norepinephrine and dopamine levels in prepubertal male children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder do not change with 8 weeks of methylphenidate treatment Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine plasma norepinephrine and dopamine levels at baseline and after 8 weeks of stimulant treatment in pre-pubertal male children with ADHD. Methods:The study group consisted of 50 children (6-12 years old) diagnosed with ADHD. The control group comprised students from a primary school within the epidemiological catchment area of the clinic and was matched for class and age to the ADHD patients. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose ADHD and allowed comorbidities. Mental retardation was ruled out with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and impaired functioning. We evaluated disorder severity at the time of assessment using the Clinic Global Impression Scale (CGI). The DuPaul ADHD Rating Scale-IV (ARS) was also used. All patients were treatment-naive. The parents were advised to use OROS methylphenidate daily with no drug holidays during weekends. No rescue medications (immediate-release methylphenidate) were allowed. The dose started at 18 mg and was titrated to 54 mg in 4 weeks to yield average doses of 1 mg/kg/ day. Baseline and endpoint plasma DA and NE were measured. Results: Baseline plasma NE and DA levels had no statistically significant differences between ADHD patients `and controls (232.0±67.3 versus 232.2±65.3 pg/mL and 169.3±48.4 versus 186.9±40.5 pg/mL). Plasma NE levels in all ADHD subgroups decreased with 8 weeks of stimulant treatment, while changes in DA levels were more complex. Plasma DA levels decreased with treatment in the ADHD-inattentive subgroup but were elevated in the hyperactive/impulsive and combined subgroups. There were no statistically significant differences between ADHD subgroups for these variables. Endpoint NE levels were correlated with endpoint DA levels. There were no statistically significant differences between ADHD subgroups. Plasma NE levels were not related to symptom severity or treatment response. In contrast, baseline DA levels were negatively correlated with ARS total scores. Conclusions: We found no statistically significant differences between plasma levels of NE and DA in a prepubertal male sample with ADHD and controls. Plasma DA and NE levels were correlated at both baseline and the endpoint. Although there was a signal that baseline DA levels may correlate with ADHD symptoms as evaluated via ARS, this was not true for endpoint analyses. Because this negative correlation disappeared after treatment, this finding about baseline DA levels may also be evaluated as an early treatment neuromarker. The negative results could also be explained by our focus on plasma. The recent consensus is that urinary levels of NE and DA may be more informative in patients with ADHD and that concurrent evaluation of multi...

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Catecholamine Response to Exercise in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 79 publications

References 35 publications

Pengaruh Kepatuhan Latihan Senam Kesegaran Jasmani 1988 Terhadap Perilaku Anak dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas

Pengaruh Kepatuhan Latihan Senam Kesegaran Jasmani 1988 Terhadap Perilaku Anak dengan Gangguan Pemusatan Perhatian/Hiperaktivitas

Physical activity as the main therapeutic tool for metabolic syndrome in childhood

Plasma Norepinephrine and Dopamine Levels in Prepubertal Male Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder do not Change with 8 Weeks of Methylphenidate Treatment

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