Catastrophic debris flows on 13 August 2010 in the Qingping area, southwestern China: The combined effects of a strong earthquake and subsequent rainstorms

Tang, Chuan; Asch, Th.W.J. van; Chang, Ming; Chen, G.Q.; Zhao, Xuehong; Huang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.12.021

Cited by 217 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…14) falls in the range of other I -D thresholds. The results were also compared with the rainfall thresholds previously proposed in the Wenchuan earthquake area (Tang et al, 2012;Zhou and Tang, 2014;Guo et al, 2016a). Our result lies in the middle range of them.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The performance of EWS relies highly on the updating of precipitation thresholds . Furthermore, a large amount of loose materials caused by earthquake highly increases the occurrence of debris flow (Tang et al, 2009(Tang et al, , 2012, it is necessary to revaluate the precipitation threshold. The model of rainfall intensity-duration (I -D) is widely used to represent the precipitation thresholds of triggering landslides and debris flow (Aleotti, 2004;Guzzetti et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the identification of debris flow occurrence over earthquake-affected regions in Sichuan, China

Zhao

Wei

Chandrasekar

2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Both M s 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008 and M s 7.0 Lushan earthquake on 20 April 2013 occurred in the province of Sichuan, China. In the earthquake-affected mountainous area, a large amount of loose material caused a high occurrence of debris flow during the rainy season. In order to evaluate the rainfall intensity-duration (I -D) threshold of the debris flow in the earthquake-affected area, and to fill up the observational gaps caused by the relatively scarce and low-altitude deployment of rain gauges in this area, raw data from two S-band China New Generation Doppler Weather Radar (CINRAD) were captured for six rainfall events that triggered 519 debris flows between 2012 and 2014. Due to the challenges of radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) over mountainous areas, a series of improvement measures are considered: a hybrid scan mode, a vertical reflectivity profile (VPR) correction, a mosaic of reflectivity, a merged rainfall-reflectivity (R − Z) relationship for convective and stratiform rainfall, and rainfall bias adjustment with Kalman filter (KF). For validating rainfall accumulation over complex terrains, the study areas are divided into two kinds of regions by the height threshold of 1.5 km from the ground. Three kinds of radar rainfall estimates are compared with rain gauge measurements. It is observed that the normalized mean bias (NMB) is decreased by 39 % and the fitted linear ratio between radar and rain gauge observation reaches at 0.98. Furthermore, the radar-based I -D threshold derived by the frequentist method is I = 10.1D −0.52 and is underestimated by uncorrected raw radar data. In order to verify the impacts on observations due to spatial variation, I -D thresholds are identified from the nearest rain gauge observations and radar observations at the rain gauge locations. It is found that both kinds of observations have similar I -D thresholds and likewise underestimate I -D thresholds due to undershooting at the core of convective rainfall. It is indicated that improvement of spatial resolution and measuring accuracy of radar observation will lead to the improvement of identifying debris flow occurrence, especially for events triggered by the strong small-scale rainfall process in the study area.

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Section: Comparison With Previous Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the identification of debris flow occurrence over earthquake-affected regions in Sichuan, China

Zhao

Wei

Chandrasekar

2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Several debris-flow events were recorded recently in Southwestern China. These debris flows have threatened and destroyed the local infrastructure and caused the death of people (Tang et al, 2012a(Tang et al, , 2011. Therefore prediction and mitigation of debris flows in the area is particularly important (Tang et al, 2012b;Tie, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-planted alder trees as a protection against debris flows (a dendrochronological study from the Moxi Basin, Southwestern China)

Malik¹,

Tie

Owczarek³

et al. 2013

Geochronometria

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Large debris flows have destroyed the infrastructure and caused the death of people living in the Moxi Basin (Sichuan Province, Southwestern China). Inhabitants of the Moxi Basin live on the flat surfaces of debris-flow fans, which are also attractive for farming. During the monsoon season debris flows are being formed above the fans. Debris flows can destroy the houses of any people living within the fan surfaces. In order to prevent the adverse effects of flows, people plant alder trees (Alnus nepalensis) at the mouths of debris flow gullies running above debris flow fans. Alders are able to capture the debris transported during flow events. Trees are well adapted to surviving in conditions of environmental stress connected with abrupt transport and deposition of sediment from debris flows. Numerous wounds, tilting and bending of alder trees caused by debris flows only very rarely cause the death of trees. By dating scars and dating the time of alder tilting (through the analysis of annual rings), we have determined the frequency of debris flows occurring at the mouth of the Daozhao valley. In 1980-2012 within the studied debris-flow fan and the Daozhao gully, 2 large debris flow events occurred (1996, 2005) and some smaller events were probably recorded every 2-3 years.

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“…Resettling victims to safer areas reported in this inventory has proved to be the most appropriate solution, and has been applied in many parts of the world, including the Mount Elgon ecosystem in Uganda [46], the Qingping area, southwest China [60] and Van Canh district, Binh province Vietnam [47]. However, availability and use of early warning system can avert the need for resettlement and thus, reduce cost to potential victims of future landslides.…”

Section: Community Perception Of Landslides and Disaster Risk Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Landslides in Tanzania

Ja¹,

Kervyn²

2017

J Ecosyst Ecogr

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This paper intended to inventorize the occurrence of landslides in Tanzania in temporal and spatial terms. Specifically, the inventory focused on identifying areas in Tanzania which are prone to landslides, identifying the frequency of landslide occurrence in the country, identifying the underlying and triggering factors for landslides, the socio-economic impacts of landslides and assessing the people's perception of landslides in Tanzania. Identification and mapping of landslide was achieved through the use primary and secondary sources of information. Primary data was acquired through exploratory field visit to the 5 landslide scars in the north and south Pare Mountains in the northern highlands of Tanzania. Short discussion with local people in the areas was made to gain insights into their perception of landslides. Secondary data was acquired through the review of achieved sources. This review was made in respect of the landslides that were not covered by the aforementioned exploratory field visit. The EM-DAT was also used to provide information on the number of landslide events, fatalities and socio-economic impacts. Google Earth™ search and image interpretation were used to located and describe landslides in other regions of the country that were not covered by the aforementioned exploratory field study. A 90 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from USGS for Tanzania was used to map the landslide scars identified through Google Earth search. Google Earth search and image interpretation were supported by secondary information from archived sources. The inventory noted that landslides in Tanzania have received relatively limited attention both in the literature and in government disaster management plans. With exception of studies conducted in Uluguru Mountain in 1970s, no formal landslide research has been made in recent years. Despite extensive web searches, no landslide inventory has been made in Tanzania. This may presumably be due to existing assumption that landslides in Tanzania have low frequency of occurrence and are localized compared to other disasters such as floods, epidemics and drought, whose occurrence affect many more people, drawing more community, government and media attention. This has thus, affected the way landslide events are reported and managed in the country. This assertion however, does not preclude the fact that one/few landslide events, depending on their magnitude, where they occur and nature of elements at risk, can affect significant number of people and vice versa. This inventory has also documented cultural perspectives on landslides. Care must be taken to incorporate appropriate indigenous knowledge and people's perception pertaining to landslides and other disasters as these are critical in designing and implementing culturallyinformed and low cost disaster management strategies. This may, in turn, obviate the need or reduce cost for early warning systems. Landslide information provided by some reviewed sources is limited in time and space. Most of the visi...

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Catastrophic debris flows on 13 August 2010 in the Qingping area, southwestern China: The combined effects of a strong earthquake and subsequent rainstorms

Cited by 217 publications

References 48 publications

Radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the identification of debris flow occurrence over earthquake-affected regions in Sichuan, China

Radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the identification of debris flow occurrence over earthquake-affected regions in Sichuan, China

Human-planted alder trees as a protection against debris flows (a dendrochronological study from the Moxi Basin, Southwestern China)

Review of Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Landslides in Tanzania

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