Catalytic reforming of tar during gasification. Part IV. Changes in the structure of char in the char-supported iron catalyst during reforming

Min, Zhenhua; Zhang, Shu; Yimsiri, Piyachat; Wang, Lele; Asadullah, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.11.063

Cited by 58 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Previous study by Min et al (2013) found that for ER not less than 0.25, the CH 4 increased with using catalyst and the CO 2 decreased. Similar results were reported by Karatas, Olgun, Engin, & Akgun (2013) with a difference ER between 0.15 and 0.45.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Creating high levels of gas production from Waste Mushroom Substrate Pellets

Saengsuwan

Kritpolwiwattana

2019

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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This study was to investigate the use of waste mushroom substrate (WMS) material, and waste mushroom substrate pellets (WMSP), with two catalysts (K 2 CO 3 and CaO), as biofuel feed to produce CH 4 in an updraft gasifier. The WMS was made from composted rubber wood chips which had been used for mushroom bed log culture, and pelletizing the WMS (WMSP) to create a biomass with a greater bulk density than the normal WMS. The gasification was determined in the high temperature range of 400-800 0 C by dry fuel feeding at the rate of 25 kg/ha. The results showed that the optimum operation was achieved with WMSP with K 2 CO 3 as the catalyst, at ER = 0.11. The combination of WMSP and K 2 CO 3 produced more CH 4 at 62.2 and 15.27% than single WMS and WMSP, respectively. WMSP with CaO as the catalyst produced 29.65 % less CH 4 than WMSP. Based on gasification equation, CO produced from WMSP was calculated 24.116 % wt, 31.52% wt from WMSP with K 2 CO 3 and 19.21% wt from WMS. The amount of gas produced from the available waste material as the biomass was sufficient to meet all heating requirements of the mushroom production.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Creating high levels of gas production from Waste Mushroom Substrate Pellets

Saengsuwan

Kritpolwiwattana

2019

Agrivita.J.Agr.Sci

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“…However, the variation in tar contents after the catalytic reforming tended to diminish, demonstrating the high suitability of the catalysts for a wide range of biomass feedstock. The char or char-supported metal species as catalysts for reforming organic compounds in product gas from pyrolysis and gasification has been reported previously [3,4,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18], though mostly from bench scale studies. As was expected, the presence of inorganic species (particularly K) in the char has enhanced the tar reduction during the reforming reactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These catalysts have high activities to reform tar, but they are expensive and easily lose their activities due to the coke deposition. Our studies [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have shown that char and char-supported catalysts could be an ideal candidate to substantially reform the tarry material. Based on these studies, our technology will use char or char-supported catalysts to reform tar [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Their concentrations and chemical forms would vary significantly with the pyrolysis and gasification conditions under which the char catalyst is prepared. The studies using small amounts (<a few grams) of char [5,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] would provide fundamental understanding on the reactions taking place during the catalytic reforming of tar using char catalysts. The inherently-existing and externally-loaded AAEM in char may not only play key roles in tar reduction but also affect compositions of light gases (H 2 , CO, CO 2 and CH 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An advanced biomass gasification technology with integrated catalytic hot gas cleaning. Part III: Effects of inorganic species in char on the reforming of tars from wood and agricultural wastes

Zhang

Song

et al. 2016

Fuel

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h i g h l i g h t sThe raw and H-form char were used to reform tar in a pilot scale gasifier. The effects of inorganics in the char catalyst on tar reforming were obvious. The catalyst also captured volatilised inorganics from raw gasification gas. a b s t r a c tChar is used directly as a catalyst for the catalytic reforming of tar during gasification. Experiments have been carried out to examine the effects of inorganics in char as a catalyst for the catalytic reforming of tar during the gasification of mallee wood, corn stalk and wheat straw in a pilot plant. The char catalyst was prepared from the pyrolysis of mallee wood at a fast heating rate. The catalytic activities of char and acidwashed char for tar reforming were compared under otherwise identical gasification conditions. For all biomass feedstocks tested for gasification, the tar contents in product gas could be drastically reduced by the catalyst, reaching a tar concentration level well below 100 mg/N m 3 . The acid-washed char also showed profound activity for tar reforming although its catalytic activity was definitely lower than the raw char. Both catalysts could effectively reform the aromatic ring systems (especially large aromatic ring systems with three or more fused benzene rings) in tars as is revealed using UV-fluorescence spectroscopy. The char itself was also partially gasified. After being used as a catalyst, the condensation of the aromatic rings and the accumulation of inorganic species led to drastic changes in char reactivity with O 2 at 400°C. The inorganic species in char tended to enhance the formation of H 2 and CO during the reforming reactions in the catalytic reactor.

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“…Biomass or coal-derived carbon materials such as char and activated carbons (AC) are considered as promising alternative support materials of catalysts for the steam reforming of biooils. Char and AC, which can be produced from biomass or coal at low cost, always show active and stable performance because of their porous structures [113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120]. The specific surface area, pore volume, and active metal particle dispersion and mineral content are the dominant factors of char and AC supports.…”

Section: Carbon Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Bio‐Oils: A Critical Review

Zhao

Situmorang

et al. 2020

Chem Eng & Technol

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In the future, hydrogen will be an important energy carrier and industrial raw material. Catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils is a promising and economically viable technology for hydrogen production. However, during the reforming process, the catalysts are rapidly deactivated due to coke formation and sintering. Thus, maintaining the activity and stability of catalysts is the key issue in this process. Optimized operation conditions could extend the catalyst lifetime by affecting the coke morphology or promoting coke gasification. This article summarizes the recent developments in the field of catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils, focusing on the operation conditions, the properties of the catalysts, and the effects of the catalyst supports. The expected insights into the catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils will provide further guidance for hydrogen production from bio‐oils.

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Catalytic reforming of tar during gasification. Part IV. Changes in the structure of char in the char-supported iron catalyst during reforming

Cited by 58 publications

References 38 publications

Creating high levels of gas production from Waste Mushroom Substrate Pellets

Creating high levels of gas production from Waste Mushroom Substrate Pellets

An advanced biomass gasification technology with integrated catalytic hot gas cleaning. Part III: Effects of inorganic species in char on the reforming of tars from wood and agricultural wastes

Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Bio‐Oils: A Critical Review

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