Catalytic performances of kaoline and silica alumina in the thermal degradation of polypropylene

Panda, Achyut K.; Singh, R. K.

doi:10.1016/s1872-5813(11)60017-0

Cited by 89 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Use of kaolin and silica-alumina decreased the reaction time and increased the yield of liquid fraction. Silica-alumina was found to be better when compared to kaolin in liquid yield and in reducing the reaction temperature (Panda and Singh, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Unlike with the thermal reaction, the condensable product of the catalytic reaction, even at higher temperatures, was also volatile liquid. All of the above changes in the reaction in the presence of kaolin can be explained due to its mesoporous surface and acidity, which facilitate the cracking reaction (Panda and Singh, 2011).…”

Section: Thermal Degradation Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conversion of waste polypropylene to liquid fuel using acid-activated kaolin

Panda

Singh

2014

Waste Manag Res

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Waste polypropylene was subjected to thermal degradation in the presence of kaolin and acid-treated kaolin, with different catalyst-to-plastics ratios, in a semi-batch reactor at a temperature range of 400-550°C to obtain optimized process conditions for the production of liquid fuels. The effects of process temperature, catalyst and feed composition on yield and quality of the oil were determined. For a thermal decomposition reaction at up to 450°C, the major product is volatile oil; and the major products at a higher temperature (475-550°C) are either viscous liquid or wax. The highest yield of condensed fraction in the thermal reaction is 82.85% by weight at 500°C. Use of kaolin and acid-treated kaolin as a catalyst decreased the reaction time and increased the yield of liquid fraction. The major product of catalysed degradation at all temperatures is highly volatile liquid oil. The maximum oil yield using kaolin and acid-treated kaolin is 87.5% and 92%, respectively, at 500°C. The oil obtained was characterized using GC-MS for its composition and different fuel properties by IS methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Thermal Degradation Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of waste polypropylene to liquid fuel using acid-activated kaolin

Panda

Singh

2014

Waste Manag Res

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“…De acordo com a literatura, o uso de catalisadores na pirólise apresenta algumas vantagens em relação a processos térmicos, como menor consumo de energia, tempo de reação mais curto e uma boa seletividade para produtos de maior valor comercial [3] . Vários tipos de catalisadores utilizados na pirólise de poliolefinas têm sido estudados: ZSM-5 [4] , H-ZSM-5 [5] , MCM-41 [6] , H-AL-MCM-41 [7] , SAPO [8,9] , como também trabalhos que utilizam argilas, como Lama vermelha [10] e Caulim [3] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Vários tipos de catalisadores utilizados na pirólise de poliolefinas têm sido estudados: ZSM-5 [4] , H-ZSM-5 [5] , MCM-41 [6] , H-AL-MCM-41 [7] , SAPO [8,9] , como também trabalhos que utilizam argilas, como Lama vermelha [10] e Caulim [3] . O baixo custo, alta resistência térmica, além da estrutura que possibilita a criação de poros e aumento da área superficial após tratamentos, como calcinação e lixiviação ácida, tornam as argilas materiais alternativos para a catálise [11] .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Pirólise catalítica do PEBD usando como catalisador a vermiculita modificada

et al. 2016

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ResumoO polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) é um dos polímeros mais usados atualmente, e a grande quantidade desse polímero produzida resulta em toneladas de resíduos, que necessitam ser tratados. Neste trabalho foi realizada a pirólise termocatalítica do PEBD usando como catalisador a argila vermiculita modificada, como alternativa para o tratamento dos resíduos. A argila foi tratada com solução de ácido nítrico a diferentes concentrações e calcinada a 400 °C. Os materiais foram caracterizados por técnicas de difratometria de raios X, termogravimetria, adsorção de nitrogênio e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva. A pirólise térmica e termocatalítica foi realizada em um micro reator acoplado com GC/MS, a 500 °C. O intuito da pirólise de resíduos poliméricos é a obtenção de hidrocarbonetos leves (C<16), que possam ser empregados na indústria química e petroquímica, através de quebras na cadeia polimérica. Os resultados foram satisfatórios, com aumento no rendimento para hidrocarbonetos leves ao empregar os catalisadores chegando a 71,4% de produtos com C<16, enquanto a pirólise térmica resultou apenas de 25,8%. Palavras-chave: vermiculita, argila, pirólise, PEBD. AbstractLow density polyethylene (LDPE) is one of the most commonly-used polymers currently, and the great quantity of this polymer produced results in tons of waste that must be treated. We studied the thermocatalytic pyrolysis of LDPE with a modified clay vermiculite catalyst as an alternative for treatment of waste. The clay was treated with a solution of nitric acid at different concentrations and calcined at 400 °C. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, nitrogen adsorption, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Thermal and thermocatalytic pyrolysis were carried out in a microreactor coupled with GC/MS at 500 °C. The aim of the polymeric waste pyrolysis is the obtainment of light hydrocarbons (C<16), which can be used in the chemical and petrochemical industry, through breaks in the polymer chain. The results were satisfactory, with an increase in yield for light hydrocarbons by using catalysts reaching up to 71.4% of products with C<16, whereas thermal pyrolysis resulted in only 25.8%.

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“…(Xie et al, 2008). Panda et al, 2011 investigated catalytic performances of kaoline and silica alumina in the thermal degradation of polypropylene. Polypropylene was cracked thermally and catalytically in the presence of kaoline and silica alumina in a semi batch reactor in the temperature range 400-550ºC in order to obtain suitable liquid fuels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%