Catalytic hydrodenitrogenation of propionitrile over supported nickel phosphide catalysts as a model reaction for the transformation of pyrolysis oil obtained from animal by-products

Abstract

Catalytic hydroconversion of propionitrile (PN) was studied over supported nickel and nickel phosphide catalysts. PN was used as model compound of aliphatic nitriles in pyrolysis oil obtained from animal by-products. Silica gel and Laponite was used as support. The structure and particle size of the supported active phase was characterized by X-ray diffractometry formation. Conversion of PN to hydrocarbon and ammonia hardly proceeded below 300 °C but became dominating reaction between 350-400 °C. Brønsted-acid sites were not required for the reactions. Supported Ni 2 P catalysts catalyzed hydrogenolysis of C-N bonds only, whereas also the C-C bonds suffered significant cleavage over supported Ni catalyst.

Cobalt Phosphide Hollow Polyhedron as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for the Evolution Reaction of Hydrogen and Oxygen

“…21 Among them, transition-metal phosphides have been widely used as industrial catalysts for hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrification involving the adsorption and desorption of H 2 . 22,23 Accordingly, it can be inferred that phosphides have high affinities for H 2 and they could be suitable for HER electrocatalysis. In the last years, great effort has been devoted to developing efficient nanostructured transition-metal phosphides for HER, 24−26 among which cobalt (Co)-based phosphides have emerged much with different morphologies such as nanowires, 27 nanorods, 28 nanosheets, 29 and nanoparticles 30 as well as ternary phosphides.…”

“…Transition-metal compounds such as chalcogenides, nitrides, and carbides have high stability, corrosion resistance, melting point, and mechanical properties as well as low cost and thus have been good candidates in many electrochemistry fields including electrocatalysis, − lithium-ion batteries, , and solar cells . Among them, transition-metal phosphides have been widely used as industrial catalysts for hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrification involving the adsorption and desorption of H 2 . , Accordingly, it can be inferred that phosphides have high affinities for H 2 and they could be suitable for HER electrocatalysis. In the last years, great effort has been devoted to developing efficient nanostructured transition-metal phosphides for HER, − among which cobalt (Co)-based phosphides have emerged much with different morphologies such as nanowires, nanorods, nanosheets, and nanoparticles as well as ternary phosphides .…”

Electrodeposited Copper–Cobalt–Phosphide: A Stable Bifunctional Catalyst for Both Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

“…A variety of transition metal chalcognides − and phosphides ,,,− exhibit high HER activity. Owing to their higher affinity toward H 2 , transition metal phosphides (TMPs) are also excellent catalysts in other processes, such as hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrification, and CO hydrogenation, indicating a vast applicability of TMP HER catalysts . Moreover, the bimetallic phosphides Cu 3 P–CoP hybrid and Cu 0.3 Co 2.7 P/nitrogen-doped carbon have shown improved HER activity due to synergistic effects caused by the atomic and electric coupling of bimetallic TMPs. , In addition, many transition metal phosphides ,,,− have also exhibited OER activity.…”

Transition-Metal Phosphide–Carbon Nanosheet Composites Derived from Two-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Water-Splitting

“…Much work so far has focused on exploiting low-cost and highly efficient alternatives. Transitional-metal-based compounds have been paid much attention. , For example, transition-metal phosphides have been known as hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrification catalysts owing to their activation of H 2 . , These materials have also been shown to be efficient catalysts for HER, − among which Co-based phosphides exhibited excellent catalytic performance.…”

“…12,13 For example, transition-metal phosphides have been known as hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrification catalysts owing to their activation of H 2 . 14,15 These materials have also been shown to be efficient catalysts for HER, 16−21 among which Co-based phosphides exhibited excellent catalytic performance.…”