Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Isolated by Hybrid Organosolv—Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Hardwood and Softwood Biomass for the Production of Phenolics and Aromatics

Charisteidis, Ioannis; Lazaridis, Polykarpos A.; Fotopoulos, Apostolos; Pachatouridou, Eleni; Μάτσακας, Λεωνίδας; Christakopoulos, Paul; Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos S.

doi:10.3390/catal9110935

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…In addition, pinewood (Pinus eldarica) pretreated with dilute sodium hydroxide was used to produce ethanol from the pretreated solid where the solubilized hemicellulose fraction was used to produce biogas [22]. The third main component of lignocellulosic materials is lignin, which is an amorphous phenolic polymer that provides mechanical strength and rigidity to plants [23]. In the biorefinery process, lignin cannot be used as a substrate for fermentation as it contains no sugars.…”

Section: Biorefinery and Lignocellulosic By-productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Valorization of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Pinus By-Products

et al. 2020

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In Europe, pine forests are one of the most extended forests formations, making pine residues and by-products an important source of compounds with high industrial interest as well as for bioenergy production. Moreover, the valorization of lumber industry residues is desirable from a circular economy perspective. Different extraction methods and solvents have been used, resulting in extracts with different constituents and consequently with different bioactivities. Recently, emerging and green technologies as ultrasounds, microwaves, supercritical fluids, pressurized liquids, and electric fields have appeared as promising tools for bioactive compounds extraction in alignment with the Green Chemistry principles. Pine extracts have attracted the researchers’ attention because of the positive bioproperties, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-neurodegenerative, antitumoral, cardioprotective, etc., and potential industrial applications as functional foods, food additives as preservatives, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Phenolic compounds are responsible for many of these bioactivities. However, there is not much information in the literature about the individual phenolic compounds of extracts from the pine species. The present review is about the reutilization of residues and by-products from the pine species, using ecofriendly technologies to obtain added-value bioactive compounds for industrial applications.

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Section: Biorefinery and Lignocellulosic By-productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green and Sustainable Valorization of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Pinus By-Products

et al. 2020

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“…The position (porosity) of the various particles of the material, the size of the gaps (presented by Figure 7), and the "compactness" of the material determine the gas permeability of the set and thus influence the rate of reactions [41][42][43]. If α is reduced to PS, the PRX thrust will be greater, so the flow will be faster.…”

Section: The Effect Of Porositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Efficiency of Pyrolysis and Increasing the Quality of Gas Production through Optimization of Prototype Systems

et al. 2019

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Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process that consists of the degradation of organic polymers and biomass minerals in lignocellulose materials. At low pyrolysis temperature (300–400 °C), primarily carbon is produced during the reaction time. Rapid pyrolysis takes place at temperatures between 500 and 650 °C. If the temperature is higher than 700 °C, the final product is methane, also known as biogas. The pyrolysis generator can be combined with a small power plant (CHP), which is a promising technology because the unit can be installed directly near the biomass production, and electricity can be fed de-centrally to the public utility network, while there are several possibilities for using waste heat in local systems. Carbonaceous ash can be utilized well in the agricultural field, because, in areas with intensive farming, the soil suffers from carbon and mineral deficiencies, and the phenomenon of material defect can be reduced by a proper level of implementation. This study describes the technical content of the biochar pilot project, and then, through a detailed presentation of the experimental results, we interpret the new scientific results. Our aim is to improve the quality of the produced gas by increasing the efficiency of the pyrolysis generator. In order for the pyrolysis unit to operate continuously, with proper efficiency and good gas quality, it is necessary to optimize the operation process. Our review reveals that the use of vibration may be advantageous during pyrolysis, which affects the mass of the pyrolysis carbon in a plane. Accordingly, the application of vibration to the input section of the funnel might enhance the quality of the gas, as well. The study concludes that more accurate dimensioning of the main parts of the gas reactor and a more convenient design of the oxidation and reduction zones enhance the good-quality gas output.

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“…75 wt.% based on initial feed). Non-condensable gases are also produced (10-20 wt.%; CH 4 , CO 2 , CO) as well as char (10-25 wt.%) [10][11][12][13][14][15]. The wood-derived pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) can be upgraded in situ by catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Hazardous Organic Solid Wastes towards Fuels and Chemicals via Fast (Catalytic) Pyrolysis

Rekos

Charisteidis

Tzamos

et al. 2022

Sustainable Chemistry

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The management of municipal and industrial organic solid wastes has become one of the most critical environmental problems in modern societies. Nowadays, commonly used management techniques are incineration, composting, and landfilling, with the former one being the most common for hazardous organic wastes. An alternative eco-friendly method that offers a sustainable and economically viable solution for hazardous wastes management is fast pyrolysis, being one of the most important thermochemical processes in the petrochemical and biomass valorization industry. The objective of this work was to study the application of fast pyrolysis for the valorization of three types of wastes, i.e., petroleum-based sludges and sediments, residual paints left on used/scrap metal packaging, and creosote-treated wood waste, towards high-added-value fuels, chemicals, and (bio)char. Fast pyrolysis experiments were performed on a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor for the determination of product yields, i.e., pyrolysis (bio)oil, gases, and solids (char). In addition, the composition of (bio)oil was also determined by Py/GC-MS tests. The thermal pyrolysis oil from the petroleum sludge was only 15.8 wt.% due to the remarkably high content of ash (74 wt.%) of this type of waste, in contrast to the treated wood and the residual paints (also containing 30 wt.% inorganics), which provided 46.9 wt.% and 35 wt.% pyrolysis oil, respectively. The gaseous products ranged from ~7.9 wt.% (sludge) to 14.7 (wood) and 19.2 wt.% (paints), while the respective solids (ash, char, reaction coke) values were 75.1, 35, and 36.9 wt.%. The thermal (non-catalytic) pyrolysis of residual paint contained relatively high concentrations of short acrylic aliphatic ester (i.e., n-butyl methacrylate), being valuable monomers in the polymer industry. The use of an acidic zeolitic catalyst (ZSM-5) for the in situ upgrading of the pyrolysis vapors induced changes on the product yields (decreased oil due to cracking reactions and increased gases and char/coke), but mostly on the pyrolysis oil composition. The main effect of the ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst was that, for all three organic wastes, the catalytic pyrolysis oils were enriched in the value-added mono-aromatics (BTX), especially in the case of the treated wood waste and residual paints. The non-condensable gases were mostly consisting of CO, CO2, and different amounts of C1–C4 hydrocarbons, depending on initial feed and use or not of the catalyst that increased the production of ethylene and propylene.

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Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignin Isolated by Hybrid Organosolv—Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Hardwood and Softwood Biomass for the Production of Phenolics and Aromatics

Cited by 35 publications

References 117 publications

Green and Sustainable Valorization of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Pinus By-Products

Green and Sustainable Valorization of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Pinus By-Products

Improving the Efficiency of Pyrolysis and Increasing the Quality of Gas Production through Optimization of Prototype Systems

Valorization of Hazardous Organic Solid Wastes towards Fuels and Chemicals via Fast (Catalytic) Pyrolysis

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