Catalytic Cracking of Naphthalene on Dolomite

Aldén, Henrik; Björkman, Eva; Carlsson, Magnus; Waldheim, Lars

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1336-6_17

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Commercial catalysts are being studied in several European and American institutions, but they are beyond the scope of this paper. Calcined dolomites, calcites, or magnesites already have proven activity for eliminating tars present in this "biogas" (Aldén et al, 1994;Aznar et al, 1989;Delgado et al, 1996;Donnot et al, 1985Donnot et al, , 1988Leppä lahti and Kurkela, 1991;Simell and Bredenberg, 1990;Simell et al, 1992Simell et al, , 1994Sjö-strom et al, 1988;Taralas et al, 1991Taralas et al, , 1994Vassilatos et al, 1992). They are useful both for in bed or for downstream tar destruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Calcined Dolomite, Magnesite, and Calcite for Cleaning Hot Gas from a Fluidized Bed Biomass Gasifier with Steam: Life and Usefulness

Delgado¹,

Aznar²,

Corella³

1996

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

174

130

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Calcined dolomites, limestones, and magnesites are active and inexpensive solids for cleaning raw hot gas from biomass gasifiers with steam. The variations of their activities with time-on-stream are studied here. Simultaneous coke formation and coke elimination by steam gasification increases the life of these “naturally occurring” catalysts under some circumstances. The lives of these solids are studied at different temperatures (800−880 °C), space times (0.08−0.32 kg of dolomite·h/nm3), particle diameters (1−4 mm), and types of solid. Not much deactivation was observed for tar concentration in the raw gas below 48 g/nm3, particle diameters of less than 1.9 mm, temperatures above 800 °C, and space times above 0.13 kg·h/nm3. The effectiveness of these calcined minerals is compared with that of an inert material (silica sand) and with a commercial steam reforming catalyst (R-67 from Haldor Topsøe).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Calcined Dolomite, Magnesite, and Calcite for Cleaning Hot Gas from a Fluidized Bed Biomass Gasifier with Steam: Life and Usefulness

Delgado¹,

Aznar²,

Corella³

1996

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

174

130

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“…60,69 Others have shown that tar constituents readily adsorb onto char and metal surfaces and then dissociate to reactive radicals such as aromatic ring fragments. 47,60,[69][70][71][72] WB-biochar itself also contains free radicals in the carbon matrix that are generated by decomposition of organic matter during pyrolysis and subsequent cooling in air. [73][74][75] The porous carbon structure and the highly dispersed metals likely act as active sites for radical reactions, converting tar constituents to smaller molecules and gases.…”

Section: Autocatalytic Role Of Dominant Metals In Wb-biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autocatalytic Pyrolysis of Wastewater Biosolids for Product Upgrading

Liu

Zitomer

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The main goals for sustainable water resource recovery include maximizing energy generation, minimizing adverse environmental impacts, and recovering beneficial resources. Wastewater biosolids pyrolysis is a promising technology that could help facilities reach these goals because it produces biochar that is a valuable soil amendment as well as bio-oil and pyrolysis gas (py-gas) that can be used for energy. The raw bio-oil, however, is corrosive; therefore, employing it as fuel is challenging using standard equipment. A novel pyrolysis process using wastewater biosolids-derived biochar (WB-biochar) as a catalyst was investigated to decrease bio-oil and increase py-gas yield for easier energy recovery. WB-biochar catalyst increased the py-gas yield nearly 2-fold, while decreasing bio-oil production. The catalyzed bio-oil also contained fewer constituents based on GC-MS and GC-FID analyses. The energy shifted from bio-oil to py-gas, indicating the potential for easier on-site energy recovery using the relatively clean py-gas. The metals contained in wastewater biosolids played an important role in upgrading pyrolysis products. The Ca and Fe in WB-biochar reduced bio-oil yield and increased py-gas yield. The py-gas energy increase may be especially useful at water resource recovery facilities that already combust anaerobic digester biogas for energy since it may be possible to blend biogas and py-gas for combined use.

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“…Because of the complex composition of real tar, several researchers have studied tar decomposition reactions using biomass tar model compounds such as: anthracene [25], benzene [25][26][27][28][29][30][31], cyclohexane [32], 1-methyl-naphthalene [26,33], naphthalene [25,27,28,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], n-heptane [26,[46][47][48], phenol [49], pyrene [25] and toluene [10, 11, 25-28, 31, 50-57].…”

Section: Biomass Tar Model Compoundmentioning

confidence: 99%