Catalytic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry at a Carbon Paste Electrode for the Determination of Amiodarone

Abstract

Voltammetry using solid electrodes usually suffers from the contamination due to the deposition of the redox products of analytes on the electrode surface. The contamination has resulted in poor reproducibility and overelaborate operation procedures. The use of the chemical catalysis of oxidant on the reduction product of analyte not only can eliminate the contamination of analyte to solid electrodes but also can improve the faradaic response of analyte. This work introduced both the catalysis of oxidant K 2 S 2 O 8 and the enhancement of surfactant Triton X-100 on the faraday response of amiodarone into an adsorptive stripping voltammetry at a carbon paste electrode for the determination of amiodarone. The method exhibits high sensitivity, good reproducibility and simple operation procedure. In 0.2 mol•L -1 HOAc-NaOAc buffer (pH＝5.3) containing 2.2×10 -2 mol•L -1 K 2 S 2 O 8 and 0.002% Triton X-100, the 2.5th-order derivative stripping peak current of the catalytic wave at 0.3 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) is rectilinear to amiodarone concentration in the range of 2.0×10 -10 -2.3×10 -8 mol•L -1 with a detection limit of 1.5×10-10 mol•L -1 after accumulation at 0 V for 30 s.

Immobilization of Metal Hexacyanoferrate Ion-Exchangers for the Synthesis of Metal Ion Sorbents—A Mini-Review

“…The rationale of the immobilization is linked to the confinement of the active material in a much opened structured support (large specific surface area, appropriate size of pores). The shapings the most frequently reported are the granular form [10,59,76,78,104,142] or the manufacturing of beads [18,22,23,36,57,61,94,123,143,144]; however, some more innovative shapes have been also designed such as films or membranes [67,109,145,146,147] (mainly for electrochemical processes for cesium recovery or for sensor applications), foams or sponges [148,149,150,151,152,153].…”

“…Liu et al [143] immobilized titanium onto silica-based supports by contact with Ti(OC 4 H 9 ) 4 in cyclohexane (under heating at 80 °C and phase condenser, and under nitrogen atmosphere), prior to reaction with K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] solution (in 0.5 M HCl): Ti atoms were not fully substituted on the support and TiO 2 sites remained on the support; the general formula of the potassium-titanium hexacyanoferrate was close to K 2x [(TiO 2 ) 2−x Fe(CN) 6 ] (with x close to 0.5). The high specific surface area of the supports was only slightly decreased after hexacyanoferrate immobilization (other textural parameters such as pore volume and average pore size were also hardly affected).…”