Catalytic activity of bismuth doped zinc aluminate nanoparticles towards environmental remediation

Dual functional novel catalytic Cu1−xZrxFe2O4 (x=0, 0.5, 1) nanoparticles for synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines and sunlight‐driven degradation of methylene blue

“…This further results in the formation of hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) and superoxide radicals (O 2 • ). The strong oxidative properties of these radicals cause the oxidation of MB . The enhanced photocatalytic activity with increasing Zr content in Cu 1 − x Zr x Fe 2 O 4 ( x = 0, 0.5, 1) nanoparticles is due to the decrease in band gap energy, increase in surface area and decrease in particle size, as discussed earlier (Table ).…”

“…Or we can say that with an increase in Zr content the degradation increased. This behaviour can be explained on the basis that the Cu 1 − x Zr x Fe 2 O 4 ( x = 1) catalyst had the smallest band gap (1.44 eV; the increase in photocatalytic activity with decrease in band gap was due to the production of inter‐band or heterojunction which reduces the electron–hole recombination), small particle size (33 nm; with a decrease in particle size, photocatalytic activity is enhanced) and high surface area (49 m 2 g −1 ; increase in surface area has a positive influence on photocatalytic activity) compared to the other Cu 1 − x Zr x Fe 2 O 4 ( x = 0,0.5) catalysts, as discussed earlier with UV spectral, XRD and BET analyses, respectively (Table ). Thus on the basis of the performance exhibited by the Cu 1 − x Zr x Fe 2 O 4 ( x = 1) catalyst for the degradation of MB dye, it was selected as the best catalyst for degradation experiments.…”

“…Pyridine structures are important heterocyclic compounds found in many natural products, agrichemicals, pharmaceuticals and functional materials . Among the various derivatives, 2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyridine derivatives possess multiple activities such as anti‐pyretic, anti‐tumour, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, fungicidal, cannabinoid receptor agonist, 1 KK‐b inhibitory, analgesic, HIV‐1 integrase and anti‐excitotoxic activities and are intermediates for the production of an extensive variety of important heterocycles.…”

“…Metal oxides containing iron as the main component are called ferrites with general formula MFe 2 O 4 (M = Co, Ni, Cu, etc.) . Ferrites are important magnetic materials with high magnetic character, low cost of production, high thermal and chemical stability, and a wide range of applications in scientific and industrial fields such as in transformer cores, permanent magnets, radio wave circuits, magnetic resonance imaging, high‐quality filters, antenna rods, magnetic recording media, operating devices, magnetic resonance amplifiers, etc .…”

Síntese hidrotermal assistida por microondas do óxido de zinco dopado com bismuto e sua caracterização

“…Porém com a dopagem ocorre a diminuição do tamanho do cristalito em relação ao óxido de zinco puro. O mesmo acontece com o band gap, os resultados demonstram que o band gap diminui com a dopagem do bismuto, como mostra [6][7][8]29]. O band gap pode ser afetado pela morfologia, tamanho de cristalito e área superficial [11].…”