Catalyst-free site-specific surface modifications of nanocrystalline diamond films via microchannel cantilever spotting

Abstract

The properties of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films offer great potential for the creation of various sensing and photonic devices. A great challenge in order to materialize such applications lies in achieving the micrometrically resolved functionalization of NCD surfaces. In the present work, we introduce a facile approach to meet this challenge employing the novel strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition "click" chemistry reaction, a catalyst-free ligation protocol compatible with biomolecules.The ability to achieve well-resolved multicomponent patterns with high reproducibility is demonstrated, paving the way for the fabrication of novel devices based on micropatterned NCD films.

Site‐Specific Surface Functionalization via Microchannel Cantilever Spotting (µCS): Comparison between Azide–Alkyne and Thiol–Alkyne Click Chemistry Reactions

“…Similarly, Manova et al described the metal‐free functionalization of BCN‐terminated Si 3 N 4 surfaces with an azide‐labeled dye . Davydova et al introduced a new route for the functionalization of nanocrystalline diamond films via catalyst‐free click chemistry utilizing spotting with microchannel cantilever spotting (µCS) . Jung and Yi reported a strategy for protein immobilization onto a chitosan‐polyethylene glycol (PEG) hybrid system activated with ADIBO .…”

Protein Microarray Immobilization via Epoxide Ring‐Opening by Thiol, Amine, and Azide

“…Normally, the reaction between epoxy and amine is performed in the presence of catalysts, although there are some studies [ 39,40 ] for ring‐opening of the epoxide groups without catalyst. Ionic liquids, tetrafluoroborates of metals (metal: Li, Zn, Co, Cu, Fe, and Ag), trifluoroacetate of metals (metal: Fe and Ca), perchlorates of metals (metal: Li, Ni, Mg, Co, Zn, and Fe), halides of metals (LiBr, LiCl, AlCl 3 , MnCl 2 , CoCl 2 , BiCl 3 , ZnCl 2 , and ZnI 2 ), tungsten salts (WO 2 Cl 2 , WO 2 (acac) 2 , and W(OEt 6 )), metal oxides in the form of nanoparticles (TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZnO, and CuO), triflates of metals ((Bi(OTf) 3 , (Zr(OTf) 3 , and Cu(OTf) 2 ), activated heterogeneous mesoporous carbons, sulfated metals (metal: Zr and W), metal amides or triflamides, and biocatalyst are examples of catalysts, which have been successfully employed in aminolysis of various types of epoxy.…”

“…Interestingly, a change of reaction medium to DMSO could lead to the ring-opening reaction. [38] Normally, the reaction between epoxy and amine is performed in the presence of catalysts, although there are some studies [39,40] for ring-opening of the epoxide groups without catalyst. Ionic liquids, tetrafluoroborates of metals (metal: Li, Zn, Co, Cu, Fe, and Ag), trifluoroacetate of metals (metal: Fe and Ca), perchlorates of metals (metal: Li, Ni, Mg, Co, Zn, and Fe), halides of metals (LiBr, LiCl, AlCl 3 , MnCl 2 , CoCl 2 , BiCl 3 , ZnCl 2 , and ZnI 2 ), tungsten salts (WO 2 Cl 2 , WO 2 (acac) 2 , and W(OEt 6 )), metal oxides in the form of nanoparticles (TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZnO, and CuO), triflates of metals ((Bi(OTf) 3 , (Zr(OTf) 3 , and Cu(OTf) 2 ), activated heterogeneous mesoporous carbons, sulfated metals (metal: Zr and W), metal amides or triflamides, and biocatalyst are examples of catalysts, which have been successfully employed in aminolysis of various types of epoxy.…”

Characteristics of zirconium and niobium contacts on boron-doped diamond

“…Diamond is a semiconductor with unique properties [1], which has been foreseen as an advantageous replacement for silicon in the fabrication of high frequency and high power devices such as high voltage Schottky diodes [2,3] and more recently MOSFETs [4] and other electronic devices [5][6][7][8]. Stable ohmic contacts with a low specific contact resistance are crucial to limit electric losses in the operation of electronic power devices.…”