This study clearly demonstrates the potential of gelatin films incorporated with thymol as natural antioxidant and antimicrobial nano film. Such antimicrobial films exhibited excellent mechanical, physical, and water activities and could be used as antibacterial nano wound dressing against wounds burn pathogens.

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Gelatin films were prepared from gelatin solutions (10% w/v) containing carvacrol (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% w/w), glycerol (25% w/w) as plasticizer and glutaraldehyde (1% w/w) as cross-linker. The mechanical, water solubility, water swelling, water uptake, water vapor permeability, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the films were obtained according to American Society for Testing and Materials. Gelatin films exhibited good tensile strength, elongation at break, water solubility, swelling, water uptake and water vapor permeability. Incorporation of carvacrol into the gelatin films caused a significant decrease in tensile strength, increase in elongation at break, increase in water solubility, decrease in swelling and water uptake, and increase in water vapor permeability of the films. Gelatin films exhibited low antioxidant activity while, gelatin films incorporated with carvacrol exhibited excellent antioxidant properties. The films incorporated with carvacrol also exhibited excellent antibacterial properties against both grampositive and gram-negative bacteria.

Different types of click chemistry reactions are proposed and used for the functionalization of surfaces and materials, and covalent attachment of organic molecules. In the present work, two different catalyst-free click approaches, namely azide-alkyne and thiol-alkyne click chemistry are studied and compared for the immobilization of microarrays of azide or thiol inks on functionalized glass surfaces. For this purpose, the surface of glass is first functionalized with dibenzocyclooctyne-acid (DBCO-acid), a cyclooctyne with a carboxyl group. Then, the DBCO-terminated surfaces are functionalized via microchannel cantilever spotting with different fluorescent and nonfluorescent azide and thiol inks. Although both routes work reliably for surface functionalization, the protein binding experiments reveal that using a thiol-alkyne route will obtain the highest surface density of molecular immobilization in such spotting approaches. The obtained achievements and results from this work can be used for design and manufacturing of microscale patterns suitable for biomedical and biological applications.