Cat-Scratch Disease

Abstract

Physicians should look for Bartonella henselae in cases of follicular conjuntivitis and regional limphadenopathy, neuroretinitis or retinal infiltrates; currently, serological tests can confirm the clinical suspicion of this infection.

Macular star formation in diabetic patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION)

“…This condition may be idiopathic or secondary to syphilis, cat-scratch disease (CSD), Lyme disease and toxoplasmosis (although there is a long list of infectious agents listed as potential pathogenetic agents in different studies). [9][10][11] In neuroretinitis, the primary process involves optic nerve inflammation causing a secondary lipid exudate in the macula (although there are cases of genuine retinitis, especially in CSD). 9,12 Lipid deposits are often not evident initially but develop approximately 9-12 days after the appearance of the optic disk edema.…”

Cat Scratch Neuroretinitis

“…There are an estimated 22,000 new cases of CSD reported yearly in the U.S. (6.6 cases per 100,000) and CSNR is the most common form of NR associated with an infectious agent [2,[10][11][12]. The primary etiological organism in CSD, B. henselae, can be associated with ocular complications such as NR, Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome (POGS), and focal retinochoroiditis [3].…”

“…In addition, the presence of a macular star was critical in the differential diagnosis, as this finding is atypical in demyelinating conditions. Catch scratch disease is self-limiting, [1,2] thus treatment has been controversial [7,8]. Oral antibiotics are more likely to speed recovery, [9] if specific antigens are identified.…”

“…Neuroretinitis (NR), secondary to cat scratch disease (CSD), is typically a self-limiting condition caused by an infectious and inflammatory reaction of the optic nerve, followed by the formation of a macular star [1,2]. The gram-negative bacillus, Bartonella henselae, the primary serous macular detachment.…”

Bartonella Neuroretinitis: A Case Report with New Insights from Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging

“…Bartonella species are facultative intracellular Gram negative bacilli that target erythrocytes or endothelial cells producing bartonellosis [1]. Upwards of 10-15% of affected patients can develop ocular manifestations which can include Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome as well as neuroretintis, a condition comprised of optic nerve and macular edema and retinal exudates [2].…”