Cat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013

Nelson, Christina; Saha, Shubhayu; Mead, Paul S.

doi:10.3201/eid2210.160115

Cited by 131 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…antigens . In the United States, an estimated 12,000 outpatients are diagnosed with Cat Scratch Disease (CSD is an acute prototypical B. henselae human disease presentation) each year, with 500 patients hospitalized . Inpatients were significantly more likely than outpatients to be male and were 50–64 years of age, suggesting the possibility of more severe disease in older patients.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

Breitschwerdt

2017

Veterinary Dermatology

106

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Background Bartonellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease of worldwide distribution, caused by an expanding number of recently discovered Bartonella spp. Objectives This review serves as an update on comparative medical aspects of this disease, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and challenges. Results Of comparative medical importance, Bartonella spp. are transmitted by several arthropod vectors, including fleas, keds, lice, sand flies, ticks and, potentially, mites and spiders. Prior to 1990, there was only one named Bartonella species (B. bacilliformis), whereas there are now over 36, of which 17 have been associated with an expanding spectrum of animal and human diseases. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques have facilitated documentation of chronic bloodstream and dermatological infections with Bartonella spp. in healthy and sick animals, in human blood donors, and in immunocompetent and immunocompromised human patients. The field of Bartonella research remains in its infancy and is rich in questions, for which patient relevant answers are badly needed. Directed Bartonella research could substantially reduce a spectrum of chronic and debilitating animal and human diseases, and thereby reduce suffering throughout the world. Conclusion A One Health approach to this emerging infectious disease is clearly needed to define disease manifestations, to establish the comparative infectious disease pathogenesis of this stealth pathogen, to validate effective treatment regimens and to prevent zoonotic disease transmission.

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Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the context of cats, fleas and CSD, flea‐infested cats around the world play an important role in scratch transmission of B. henselae (and potentially other Bartonella spp. as described above) , which is the primary or sole bacterial cause of CSD …”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

Breitschwerdt

2017

Veterinary Dermatology

106

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“…8 Although, most of the clinically reported cases do not need to be treated with antibiotics, the use of azithromycin has been shown to speed up recovery for those affected by CSD. 8,9 Pradofloxacin, an extended spectrum fluoroquinolone may be useful for the treatment of infected cats. 10 It may be possible to eliminate chronic infection in cats, but to date an optimal protocol has not been established.…”

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confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Bacteria Associated with Cats

Hariharan¹,

Hariharan²

2017

Vet Med Open J

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CitationHariharan H, Hariharan SH. Zoonotic bacteria associated with cats. Vet Med Open J. 2017; 2(3): 68-75. doi: 10.17140/VMOJ-2-118 ABSTRACT Background: There are several bacterial pathogens, including Bartonella, and Pasteurella that have been known to cause human infections from contact with cats. Recently, certain bacteria have emerged as causes of infection in cats, resulting in transmission to humans. Objectives: This review presents updated information on the zoonotic bacterial pathogens associated with cats, with special emphasis on recent reports. Results: Presently, an increase in the incidence of cat-associated Yersinia pestis human infections in the western USA has become a concern. In addition, infections due to Mycobacterium bovis, and Brucella abortus, are being recognized. Also, a number of human infections due to Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Salmonella from cats have been documented worldwide. In addition, spread of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs from cats is becoming a possibility. Conclusion: Updated information shows that more zoonotic bacteria than previously recognized are associated with cats worldwide. Immunocompromised persons and young children are particularly at a risk of developing infection from household cats which are allowed to roam around outdoors. It is important to incorporate environmental and animal contact considerations into patient care. With proper handling and precautions, cats can help establish valuable humananimal bonds.

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“…73 In the United States, an estimated 12,000 outpatients are diagnosed with Cat Scratch Disease (CSD is an acute prototypical B. henselae human disease presentation) each year, with 500 patients hospitalized. 74 Inpatients were significantly more likely than outpatients to be male and were 50-64 years of age, suggesting the possibility of more severe disease in older patients. Clearly, additional research is needed to assess the risks associated with vector exposure, contact with flea faeces through inhalation or wounds, and pet bites or scratches.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

Breitschwerdt

2017

Advances in Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Bartonellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease of worldwide distribution, caused by an expanding number of recently discovered Bartonella spp.Objectives -This review serves as an update on comparative medical aspects of this disease, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and challenges.Results -Of comparative medical importance, Bartonella spp. are transmitted by several arthropod vectors, including fleas, keds, lice, sand flies, ticks and, potentially, mites and spiders. Prior to 1990, there was only one named Bartonella species (B. bacilliformis), whereas there are now over 36, of which 17 have been associated with an expanding spectrum of animal and human diseases. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques have facilitated documentation of chronic bloodstream and dermatological infections with Bartonella spp. in healthy and sick animals, in human blood donors, and in immunocompetent and immunocompromised human patients. The field of Bartonella research remains in its infancy and is rich in questions, for which patient relevant answers are badly needed. Directed Bartonella research could substantially reduce a spectrum of chronic and debilitating animal and human diseases, and thereby reduce suffering throughout the world.

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Cat-Scratch Disease in the United States, 2005–2013

Abstract: Each year, this preventable disease affects about 12,500 persons, mostly those who live in the South and are 5–9 years of age.

Cited by 131 publications

References 16 publications

Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

Zoonotic Bacteria Associated with Cats

Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small

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