Castor bean (Ricinus communis) toxicosis in a sheep flock

Aslani, Mohammad Reza; Maleki, Mohsen; Mohri, Mehrdad; Sharifi, Kamran; Najjar-Nezhad, V.; Afshari, E.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.10.010

Cited by 79 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The mortality rate of the cases reported here is high (23.3%), even when compared to cases of accidental poisoning in several other species (Vigener 1974, Fernandes et al 2002, Aslani et al 2007). In ruminants, increased mastication can increase morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Spontaneous poisoning by Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) in cattle

et al. 2014

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 34(9) The aim of this study is to report cases of spontaneous poisoning of cattle by Ricinus communis (castor beans) in Paraíba, a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. The cases were observed in 2 herds on neighboring properties in 2013. Clinical signs developed within 6-24 h and consisted of weakness, tachycardia, dyspnea, profuse watery diarrhea, dehydration, depression, instability, cramps, permanent lateral recumbency and death within 48-72 h. Of the 60 cattle at risk, 19 were affected and 14 died. Five fully recovered after the course of 12 days. Three animals were necropsied. The main gross lesions were hemopericardium, hemothorax, pulmonary edema, petechial hemorrhages in the epicardium and endocardium, ecchymoses at the papillary muscles and suffusions on the intercostal muscles. Hemorrhages were also observed in the abdominal cavity, spleen and mucosa of the abomasum and small intestine. The rumen content was liquid with a large amount of castor bean seeds. There were circular, whitish and focally diffuse areas in the liver parenchyma. The main microscopic lesions consisted of multifocal coagulative myocardial necrosis with the presence of mononuclear cell infiltration and varying degrees of bleeding between cardiac muscle fibers. The abomasum and small intestine mucosae and submucosa had mild edema and mononuclear and polymorphonuclear inflammatory cell infiltration. The diagnosis of R. communis was based on the history of plant consumption, clinical signs, pathology of the disease and the presence of large amounts of castor bean seeds in the forestomachs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Spontaneous poisoning by Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) in cattle

et al. 2014

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“…These results indicate absence of clinic effect of intoxication by ricin, for the serum levels of GGT, ALT and AST constitute markers of liver function which elevate at the occurrence of liver injury and are associated with the occurrence of intoxication by ricin in rats and sheep (Kumar et al, 2003;Aslani et al, 2007). Besides, the values of enzymes observed are within the standards established as normal for the species (Radostits et al, 2002).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Productive performance and efficiency of utilization of the diet components in dairy cows fed castor meal treated with calcium oxide

et al. 2012

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-The effect of replacing of 0; 0.33; 0.67 and 1.0 (kg/kg) of soybean meal (SBM) by undecorticated castor seed meal treated with calcium oxide (CMT -60 g/kg) was evaluated on performance and efficiency of nutrient utilization in dairy cows. Sixteen Holstein and crossbred cows were distributed in four 4 × 4 latin squares. Animals received concentrated feed at a ratio of 1 kg for 3 kg of milk produced, in the natural matter. The diets had the same amount of nitrogen (150.4 g crude protein/kg DM), containing 325.6 g of concentrated feed/kg DM. There was no effect on the serum concentration of transaminase and the animals showed no clinical symptoms of intoxication by ricin. The intake of DM, crude protein (CP) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) reduced from 0.67 replacement of SBM by CMT. The intake of neutral detergent fibers corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) increased from 0.33 replacement of SBM with CMT. Although the digestibility of dietary components decreased from 0.33 replacement, the intake of digestible components only reduced from 0.67 replacement. Because of the reduction of digestible energy, the synthesis of microbial CP and the utilization efficiency of rumen-degradable protein for the synthesis of microbial CP reduced with full replacement of SBM by CMT. Milk yield, milk composition, daily variation of body weight and the efficiency of utilization of the nutrients for the synthesis of N in milk reduced from 0.67 replacement of SBM by CMT. Castor seed meal treated with calcium oxide can replace up to 0.33 of SBM (50 g/kg DM diet DM) in the diet of dairy cows with an average milk production of 20 kg/day.

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“…A ricina é uma proteína encontrada exclusivamente no endosperma das sementes e é mantida na torta e no farelo de mamona, sendo a principal toxina presente (Aslani, 2007). Classificada como um tipo de lecitina, que tem um sítio receptor específico para açúcar ou para uma unidade de oligossacarídeo e outro com atividade enzimática, essa toxina exerce seu mecanismo de toxidez por meio da inativação dos ribossomos (Anandan et al, 2005).…”

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Parâmetros sanguíneos, hepáticos e ruminais de ovinos alimentados com dietas com farelo de mamona destoxificado

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et al. 2012

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros sanguíneos, hepáticos e ruminais, bem como caracterizar e quantificar a população de protozoários ciliados, no rúmen de ovinos alimentados com dietas com farelo de mamona destoxificada (FM). Foram utilizados 32 ovinos, para a avaliação dos parâmetros sanguíneos e hepáticos, e quatro ovinos adultos fistulados no rúmen, para a avaliação dos parâmetros ruminais. A dieta controle foi composta por feno de capim-buffel, milho em grão moído, ureia e farelo de soja (FS Blood, liver and rumen parameters of sheep fed diets containing detoxified castor bean mealAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the blood, liver and rumen parameters, as well as to characterize and quantify the population of ciliated protozoa in the rumen of sheep fed diets with detoxified castor bean meal (DCBM). Thirty-two lambs were used, for the evaluation of blood and liver parameters, and four rumen-cannulated adult sheep were used to determine rumen parameters. The control diet was composed by buffel grass hay, ground corn grain, urea and soybean meal (SBM). In the treatments, SBM was partially replaced by DCBM at 15, 30 and 45% in the concentrate. There was no significant difference, among treatments, for the serum-urea contents whose mean value was 666.0 mg L -1. There was no significant difference, among diets, for glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, which had mean values of 690.3 mg L , respectively. The ammoniacal nitrogen and pH values had an increasing linear pattern with the replacement of SBM by DCBM. The genus Entodinium was the most frequent in all treatments and showed 76.4% overall mean of the total protozoa; the treatment without DCBM had the highest percentage of this genus among treatments. The diet substitution above 45% of soybean meal by the detoxified castor bean meal is favorable to the rumen environment.Index terms: Ricinus communis, ciliates, metabolism, microbiota, rumen. IntroduçãoA mamona (Ricinus communis L.), por apresentar características como adaptabilidade a solos mais arenosos e resistência à seca, é indicada como matéria prima para o biocombustível na região Nordeste do Brasil (Severino, 2005). E a indústria desse produto é responsável por grandes quantidades de resíduos, que causam problemas ambientais e, além disso, representam encargos com estocagem. Assim, há necessidade de um destino adequado e sustentável para tais materiais, para transformá-los em coprodutos, cuja utilização é uma alternativa importante para a nutrição animal. Entretanto, a presença de princípios tóxicos e alergênicos pode dificultar esse uso (Oliveira et al., 2010).

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Castor bean (Ricinus communis) toxicosis in a sheep flock

Cited by 79 publications

References 11 publications

Spontaneous poisoning by Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) in cattle

Spontaneous poisoning by Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) in cattle

Productive performance and efficiency of utilization of the diet components in dairy cows fed castor meal treated with calcium oxide

Parâmetros sanguíneos, hepáticos e ruminais de ovinos alimentados com dietas com farelo de mamona destoxificado

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