Caspases and Thrombin Activity Regulation by Specific Serpin Inhibitors in Bovine Skeletal Muscle

Abstract

In living cells, after activation, protein inhibitors constitute the last step of proteases activity regulation. This review intends to provide original information about a group of bovine muscle serine proteases inhibitors belonging to the Serpin superfamily and characterized at the gene and protein level. This report is the only one and the first to provide much information on this group of proteases inhibitors of the serpin type and their potential biological functions. Amongst the eight genes identified in bovine, three serpins were purified from the muscle tissue and characterized. These are two members of the bovSERPINA3 family, i.e., bovSERPINA3-1 and A3-3, and the last one is antithrombin III (AT-III or BovSERPINC1). BovSERPINA3 family comprises at least eight protein members encoded by different genes mapped on chromosome 7q23-q26 cluster. BovSERPINA3-1 and A3-3 were shown to locate within muscle cells and are cross-class inhibitors strongly active against trypsin as well as against human initiator and effector caspases 8 and 3. They constitute a key apoptosis control in mammals. They were thus expressed in proliferating and confluent myoblasts phases where cells must be alive but not in myotubes. Antithrombin III inhibits trypsin and, in a heparin dependent manner, thrombin. AT-III and its mRNA were expressed in muscle cells and in differentiating primary myoblasts in culture.

Beef tenderness and intramuscular fat proteomic biomarkers: muscle type effect

“…Accordingly, the positive correlations observed between PRDX6 and ENO3 or TPI1 involved in glycolysis, and a negative correlation with MDH1 involved in oxidative pathway, is coherent with the low abundance of PRDX6. In agreement with a previously proposed muscle-related regulation ( Gagaoua et al, 2015a ; Knoops et al, 1999 ), the study of ( Keady et al, 2013 ) comparing longissimus lumborum from Aberdeen Angus (AA) characterized by slow oxidative muscles, and Belgian Blue (BB) characterized by fast glycolytic muscles, observed higher abundance of metabolic enzymes involved in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle in AA vs. BB steers. Consequently, PRDX6 showed increased abundance in muscle of AA relative to BB steers.…”

Post-Translational Protein Deimination Signatures in Serum and Serum-Extracellular Vesicles of Bos taurus Reveal Immune, Anti-Pathogenic, Anti-Viral, Metabolic and Cancer-Related Pathways for Deimination

“…Anti-viral roles for serine proteases have been identified in the airway, and serine proteases have been identified as drug targets for respiratory diseases, including virus infections [164,165]. Bovine serpins are cross-class inhibitors and shown to be strongly active against trypsin, as well as regulating caspases, therefore playing important roles in control of apoptosis in mammals [166]. In cow, serine proteases are for example involved in defences against Babesia bovis, a tick-borne and major apicomplexan pathogen in the cattle industry worldwide [167].…”

Characterization and expression analysis of serpins in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis

“…As Esserpin-3 is highly expressed in the gills, it may also function in host defense. In addition, it has reported that BovSERPINA3-1 and A3-3 (belonging to the Serpin superfamily) were located in muscle cells and are cross-class inhibitors strongly active against trypsin as well as against human initiator and effector caspases 8 and 3 (Gagaoua et al, 2015). Several results have tended to ascertain the onset of apoptosis in postmortem muscle, and the level of proteases inhibitor level is a better predictor of meat tenderness than their target enzyme (Boudida et al, 2014).…”