Casein/Apricot Filler in the Production of Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Composites

Członka, Sylwia; Kairytė, Agnė; Miedzińska, Karolina; Strąkowska, Anna

doi:10.3390/ma14133620

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The studied results in Table 3 show that SFP and LG-SFP modified PUR foams are characterised by sufficient dimensional performance. Similar observations were reported in casein/apricot filler modified PUR foam composites [ 31 ]. However, the authors of [ 32 ] determined that the incorporation of keratin fibres increased the dimensional stability of PUR foams while Fyrol slightly deteriorated the mentioned parameter.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

et al. 2021

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The study analyses rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam modified with 10–30 wt.% sunflower press cake (SFP) and liquid glass-impregnated sunflower press cake (LG-SFP) particles and their impact on performance characteristics of PUR foams—foaming behaviour, rheology, thermal conductivity, compressive strength parallel and perpendicular to the foaming directions, tensile strength, dimensional stability, short-term water absorption by partial immersion, and thermal stability. Even though the dynamic viscosity and apparent density were increased for SFP and LG-SFP formulations, thermal conductivity values improved by 17% and 10%, respectively, when 30 wt.% of particles were incorporated. The addition of SFP and LG-SFP particles resulted in the formation of more structurally and dimensionally stable PUR foams with a smaller average cell size and a greater content of closed cells. At 30 wt.% of SFP and LG-SFP particles, compressive strength increased by 114% and 46% in the perpendicular direction, respectively, and by 71% and 67% in the parallel direction, respectively, while tensile strength showed an 89% and 85% higher performance at 30 wt.% SFP and LG-SFP particles loading. Furthermore, short-term water absorption for all SFP and LG-SFP modified PUR foam formulations was almost two times lower compared to the control foam. SFP particles reduced the thermal stability of modified PUR foams, but LG-SFP particles shifted the thermal decomposition temperatures towards higher ones.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

et al. 2021

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“…Although the flammability of the reinforced foams was impaired, the results from cone calorimetry are in agreement with other studies. In addition, RPUF/CF composites presented lower flammability and indexes, compared with other reports, and lower pHRR and TSR [ 20 , 23 , 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…It was shown in previous reports that these fillers characteristics influence directly the foaming process and foams’ curing kinetics, which affects directly its cellular foams’ morphology (cells’ anisotropy, size, distribution, and closed cells content) and consequently on the final foam’s performance [ 9 , 20 ]. In this sense, some strategies have been developed to improve mechanical properties of filled-RPUF, as the chemical surface treatment of fillers, by the use of silanes, maleic anhydride, alkali treatments [ 2 , 21 , 22 ], aminopropylisobutyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes [ 23 ], ionic liquids [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], plant oils [ 27 ], and by the incorporation of combined fillers [ 8 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam Composites Reinforced with Bleached Curauá Fiber

Członka

Kerche

Neves

et al. 2021

IJMS

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This study aims to evaluate the influence of using a bleached Curauá fiber (CF) as filler in a novel rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) composite. The influence of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt.% of the reinforcements on the processing characteristics, cellular structure, mechanical, dynamic-mechanical, thermal, and flame behaviors were assessed and discussed for RPUF freely expanded. The results showed that the use of 0.5 wt.% of CF resulted in RPUF with smoother cell structure with low differences on the processing times and viscosity for the filled pre-polyol. These morphological features were responsible for the gains in mechanical properties, in both parallel and perpendicular rise directions, and better viscoelastic characteristics. Despite the gains, higher thermal conductivity and lower flammability were reported for the developed RPUF composites, related to the high content of cellulose and hemicellulose on the bleached CF chemical composition. This work shows the possibility of using a Brazilian vegetable fiber, with low exploration for the manufacturing of composite materials with improved properties. The developed RPUF presents high applicability as enhanced cores for the manufacturing of structural sandwich panels, mainly used in civil, aircraft, and marine industries.

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“…Casein is a bio-based and halogen-free flame retardant, which is a group of related phosphoproteins, described by the chemical formula C 81 H 125 N 22 O 39 P. The advantage that allows it to be used as a flame retardant is its high content of nitrogen and phosphorus [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. Chitosan is a natural polymer, classified as an amino polysaccharide, composed of a random distribution of β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, with a chemical formula (C 6 H 11 O 4 N) n .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vermiculite Filler Modified with Casein, Chitosan, and Potato Protein as a Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams

Miedzińska

Członka

Strąkowska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In this study, polyurethane (PU) composite foams were modified with 2 wt.% of vermiculite fillers, which were themselves modified with casein, chitosan, and potato protein. The impact of the fillers on selected properties of the obtained composites, including their rheological (foaming behavior, dynamic viscosity), thermal (temperature of thermal decomposition stages), flame-retardant (e.g., limiting oxygen index, ignition time, heat peak release), and mechanical properties (toughness, compressive strength (parallel and perpendicular), flexural strength) were investigated. Among all the modified polyurethane composites, the greatest improvement was noticed in the PU foams filled with vermiculite modified with casein and chitosan. For example, after the addition of modified vermiculite fillers, the foams’ compressive strength was enhanced by ~6–18%, their flexural strength by ~2–10%, and their toughness by ~1–5%. Most importantly, the polyurethane composites filled with vermiculite filler and modified vermiculite fillers exhibited improved flame resistance characteristics (the value of total smoke release was reduced by ~34%, the value of peak heat release was reduced by ~25%).

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Casein/Apricot Filler in the Production of Flame-Retardant Polyurethane Composites

Cited by 14 publications

References 74 publications

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Vacuum-Based Impregnation of Liquid Glass into Sunflower Press Cake Particles and Their Use in Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foam Composites Reinforced with Bleached Curauá Fiber

Vermiculite Filler Modified with Casein, Chitosan, and Potato Protein as a Flame Retardant for Polyurethane Foams

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