CASE STUDY: Reducing dietary protein decreased the ammonia emitting potential of manure from commercial dairy farms

Hristov, A.N.; Heyler, K.S.; Schurman, E.; Griswold, Kenneth E.; Topper, Patrick A.; Hile, Michael; Ishler, V.A.; Fabian-Wheeler, Eileen; Dinh, Sarah Katherine

doi:10.15232/pas.2014-01360

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…If DMI increases on Northeast dairy farms, as reported for research studies by Potts et al (2017), CP intake may be constant, which will help explain the lack of response in MUN to the trend for decreased TMR CP. A similar lack of relationship between bulk tank MUN from commercial dairies and dietary CP was reported by Hristov et al (2015). In a survey of Canadian dairy farms, Fadul-Pacheco et al (2015) found a relatively low correlation between MUN and dietary CP concentration (r ≤ 0.24) and concluded that MUN is affected by factors other than diet composition and that there is a need to better understand herd characteristics, which may help explain differences in MUN.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Short communication: Variability in milk urea nitrogen and dairy total mixed ration composition in the northeastern United States

Hristov

Harper

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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The main objective of this survey was to examine variability in milk urea nitrogen (MUN) for Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) herds in the northeastern United States (the Northeast), examine trends in dairy cow diet composition, and determine potential relationships for MUN and diet composition. Trends in milk fat and protein concentrations, milk yield, days in milk on test day, and lactation number of the cows were also evaluated. The data set for the survey included 10,839,461 DHIA dairy cow records from 2004 to 2015 for 13 states (CT, DE, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VA, VT, and WV) and was retrieved from Dairy Records Management Systems (Raleigh, NC). Average (across states and years) milk yield, milk fat, and milk protein were 31.6 ± 0.24 kg/d, 3.85 ± 0.021%, and 3.13 ± 0.013%, respectively. No obvious trends were observed for milk fat or protein content, but milk yield steadily increased during the survey period. Milk urea N concentration averaged 13.3 ± 0.13 mg/dL, with no obvious or consistent trends. Examination of variability in dairy feed cost and all milk price for the Northeast indicated that high MUN generally coincided with high feed cost and high milk price. For the diet composition survey, 9,707 records of total mixed ration (TMR) analyses, unrelated to the milk composition data set, from the Cumberland Valley Analytical Service (Maugansville, MD) database were examined. Concentration of TMR crude protein (CP) decreased from 17.1% in 2007 to 16.4% in 2015, but there was not an obvious trend in soluble protein concentration. Concentration of TMR neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and 24-h in vitro NDF degradability declined steadily during the survey period and was accompanied by a steady increase in TMR starch concentration. Examination of these unrelated data sets revealed lack of correlation between MUN and diet chemical composition. Thus, we conclude that individual cow MUN in Northeast dairy herds fluctuated between 2004 and 2015. It appeared that MUN followed variability in feed cost; however, ration feed ingredient data were not available to better define the reasons for the variations in MUN.

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supporting

confidence: 53%

Short communication: Variability in milk urea nitrogen and dairy total mixed ration composition in the northeastern United States

Hristov

Harper

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Frozen storage, on the other hand, may affect the microbial activity in the manure, but seems to yield overall emission data similar to unfrozen samples (Van Kessel et al, 1999). However, freezing manure at −20°C for 40 d resulted in a 47% higher AEP compared with fresh manure (unpublished data from Hristov et al, 2015), which suggests that AEP of frozen manure may not be fully representative of that of fresh manure.…”

Section: Sampling and Sample Preparation Of Manure From N Balance Stumentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited review: Nitrogen in ruminant nutrition: A review of measurement techniques

Hristov¹,

Bannink²,

Crompton³

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…As the dietary protein level increases beyond that needed to meet requirements, feed N use efficiency reduces, whereby milk N secretion reduces and the excretion of urinary N increases [ 2 , 3 ]. Secondly, dietary protein is one of the major drivers of environmental pollution with N from dairy farming [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Arriaga [ 6 ] reported that only 25.8% (range 19.2% to 32.3%) of the total feed N consumed by cows on commercial dairy farms is secreted in milk, with the majority of the remainder being excreted about equally in feces and urine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Varying Dietary Crude Protein Level on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Lactating Holstein-Friesian Cows

Katongole

Yan

2020

Animals

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The effect of dietary crude protein (CP) level on intake, digestibility, milk production, and nitrogen (N) use efficiency was studied. Twenty-four Holstein-Friesian cows (17 multiparous and seven primiparous) were grouped by parity, days in milk, milk yield, and live weight into six blocks of four, and randomly assigned to four total mixed ration (TMR) treatments, containing 141, 151, 177, or 210 g CP/kg dry matter (DM), over 28 day experimental periods. Apparent total-tract DM and fiber digestibilities and milk fat composition were similar across treatments. Milk protein and urea-N compositions, and urinary and manure N excretion increased linearly, while milk N efficiency (MNE) decreased linearly with increasing CP. DM intake was highest with the 177 diet, while CP intake increased linearly with increasing CP, peaking at 200 g/kg DM. Milk yield increased with CP intake for the three lower CP levels, peaking at 176 g CP/kg DM. The further increase in CP level from 177 to 210 g/kg DM did not result in improved milk yield, but resulted in decreased milk N secretion and increased urinary N excretion. In summary, milk protein composition increased linearly with increasing CP, accompanied by a linear decrease in MNE, resulting in a bell-shaped relationship between milk yield and dietary CP level.

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CASE STUDY: Reducing dietary protein decreased the ammonia emitting potential of manure from commercial dairy farms

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Short communication: Variability in milk urea nitrogen and dairy total mixed ration composition in the northeastern United States

Short communication: Variability in milk urea nitrogen and dairy total mixed ration composition in the northeastern United States

Invited review: Nitrogen in ruminant nutrition: A review of measurement techniques

Effect of Varying Dietary Crude Protein Level on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Lactating Holstein-Friesian Cows

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