Case 85: Pelvic Actinomycosis in Association with an Intrauterine Device

Forgotten Lippes loop in menopausal woman left in utero for 45 years: a case report

“…Hence, IUCD needs to be removed rather than left in situ. 8,9 WHO recommends removal of a misplaced IUCD immediately after diagnosis is made. 10 In developing countries with lack of health facilities, illiteracy and poverty, it is not uncommon to see forgotten IUCD and its various complications.…”

Lippes Loop Inserted 45 Years Back: The Dilemma to Remove It or Leave It in situ. A Case Report with Review of Literature

“…The Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Health Care (FSRH) guidance on contraception for women aged over 40 years states that after the menopause intrauterine methods of contraception should be removed rather than left in situ as cases of Pyometra & Actinomycosis have been reported in postmenopausal women with Intra Uterine Devices [4,28,29].…”

Case 219: Pelvic Actinomycosis Mimicking Malignant Tumor

“…There was no ascites, lymph node involvement, or peritoneal carcinosis. The differential diagnosis included benign and malignant neoplastic processes, metastatic disease, lymphoma, and infectious processes, such as tuberculosis or actinomycosis (1).…”

“…Gas within the mass, when present, is characteristic of an abscessed lesion (7). The enhancement with intravenous contrast material is usually inhomogeneous in the walls and solid components (1,8). Linear solid wellenhancing lesions extending directly from the mass are found frequently and may reflect the invasive nature of actinomycosis.…”

“…Less commonly, small cystic lesions with enhancing rims suggestive of small abscesses can be encountered. Hydronephrosis due to ureteral obstruction is a frequently associated finding (1,8), but it is also not specific, as it is a consequence of the size and location of the mass. Ascites and lymphatic spread are uncommon findings (8).…”