CASE 1. Testis: A Sanctuary Site in Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Tummala, Mohan K.; Hausner, P; McGuire, William P.; Gipson, Thomas; Berkman, Aron W.

doi:10.1200/jco.2005.01.7103

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is thought that the occurrence of MCC metastases in the testes soon after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy could be due to the presence of a blood-testis barrier that prevents the eradication of tumor cells with chemotherapy agents, thus making the testes a sanctuary site [12]. There are also reports of isolated testicular recurrences in hematological malignancies, suggesting that the testes are a sanctuary site [14, 15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Merkel cell carcinoma of the testis with unknown primary site: a case report

2016

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BackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor that commonly arises in the skin. It is rare for it to occur in the testes. There are only seven cases of testicular Merkel cell carcinoma reported in the literature.Case presentationA 66-year-old Maori man presented to our hospital with left testicular swelling. His alpha-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin levels were within normal limits. His lactate dehydrogenase concentration was elevated to 267 U/L. Ultrasound imaging confirmed a large testicular mass, and he underwent left orchiectomy. His histological examination revealed a neuroendocrine tumor with an immunostaining pattern suggesting Merkel cell carcinoma. He presented to our hospital again 3 months later with right testicular swelling that was confirmed on ultrasound sonography to be a tumor. He underwent a right orchiectomy, and his histological examination revealed metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. A primary lesion was not identified, and computed tomographic imaging did not reveal spread to other organs. He received six cycles of adjuvant carboplatin and etoposide chemotherapy and remained disease-free 18 months after completion of chemotherapy.ConclusionsGiven the paucity of studies, standard adjuvant treatment for testicular Merkel cell carcinoma remains uncertain, although platinum-based chemotherapy seems to be an appropriate option.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13256-016-1102-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent Merkel cell carcinoma of the testis with unknown primary site: a case report

2016

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“…4). Other reported areas of distant metastasis include testis, pancreas, heart, bone marrow, pleura, parotid, gastrointestinal tract, prostate, and bladder 33–40. The rate of MCC presenting as metastatic disease with unknown primary ranges from 3% to 19% 4, 41…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merkel cell carcinoma: Critical review with guidelines for multidisciplinary management

Bichakjian

Lowe

Lao

et al. 2007

Cancer

321

289

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Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a relatively rare cutaneous malignancy that occurs predominantly in the older white population. The incidence of MCC appears to have tripled during the past 20 years; an increase that is likely to continue because of the growing number of older Americans. The pathogenesis of MCC remains largely unknown. However, ultraviolet radiation and immunosuppression are likely to play a significant pathogenetic role. Many questions currently remain unanswered regarding the biologic behavior and optimal treatment of MCC. Large, prospective, randomized studies are not available and are unlikely to be performed because of the rarity of the disease. The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive reference for MCC based on a critical evaluation of the current data. The authors investigated the importance of sentinel lymph node biopsy as a staging tool for MCC to assess the status of the regional lymph node basin and to determine the need for additional therapy to the lymph node basin. In an attempt to standardize prospective data collection with the intention to define prognostic indicators, the authors also present histopathologic profiles for primary MCC and sentinel lymph nodes. The controversies regarding the appropriate surgical approach to primary MCC, the use of adjuvant radiation therapy, and the effective- A n increasing number of patients presenting with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) during the past 2 decades has focused attention on this cutaneous malignancy, which is seen primarily in older individuals. Based on the projection that, by 2030, 1 in 5 Americans will be aged !65 years, the increasing trend in MCC incidence is likely to continue.1 Currently, information regarding the biologic behavior and optimal treatment of MCC is limited given the paucity of high-level evidence and the absence of prospective, randomized trials. The objective of this review was to create a current reference for those involved in the care of patients with MCC or the investigation of this potentially aggressive malignancy. This review was based on a critical evaluation of the available data using an extensive PubMed search combined with our experience in the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center Multidisciplinary MCC program. EpidemiologyThe incidence of MCC is low compared with the incidence of other cutaneous malignancies. However, the trend is toward an increasing

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“…Specifically, to date, only eight cases of MCC metastatic to the testis were reported in the literature (Table 2), our report is the ninth case. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Metastasis to the genital tract is accessible for curative surgical excision. It may be overlooked since the external genitalia is not routinely examined in the MCC surveillance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis: report of a rare diagnosis and review of the literature

et al. 2021

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CASE 1. Testis: A Sanctuary Site in Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Recurrent Merkel cell carcinoma of the testis with unknown primary site: a case report

Recurrent Merkel cell carcinoma of the testis with unknown primary site: a case report

Merkel cell carcinoma: Critical review with guidelines for multidisciplinary management

Merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to the testis: report of a rare diagnosis and review of the literature

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