Cascading effects of changes in land use on the invasion of the walnut <i>Juglans regia</i> in forest ecosystems

Lenda, Magdalena; Knops, Johannes; Skórka, Piotr; Moroń, Dawid; Woyciechowski, Michał

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12827

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…However, these processes are influenced by the abundance and richness of birds. For example, invasion of the walnut ( Juglans regia ) in Central Europe was due to an increase of bird populations, and the density of walnuts in forest fragments was correlated with bird density (Lenda, Knops, Skórka, Moroń, & Woyciechowski, ). Since, as supported by our study, more birds are found in large forest fragments, large islands have higher probability of seed dispersal by birds (Martínez & García, ), lower asymmetry in ecological networks (Schleuning, Böhning‐Gaese, Dehling, & Burns, ), and consequently, will have more bird‐dispersed plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of plants and seed dispersers in response to habitat fragmentation in an artificial island archipelago

Liu

Slik

Coomes

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Small, old‐growth forest fragments generally have more small‐seeded plants than large patches, due to the disappearance of large seed dispersing vertebrates. This pattern may differ for secondary forest fragments where differential migration ability rather than persistence of seed dispersers may be driving plant community assembly. In this study, we investigated the effect of habitat fragmentation on seed dispersers and plant community structure in regenerating forests. Location The Thousand Island Lake, China. Taxon Plants, birds and mammals. Methods We compiled diversity and abundance data for birds and mammals on islands in the Thousand Island Lake, China. We also surveyed the secondary plant communities and measured seed dispersal traits. Results Community‐weighted mean seed size of woody plants decreased with island size. This pattern was related to compositional difference of the dispersers. We found that mammal diversity and abundance was only weakly or not related to island size; whereas bird diversity and abundance increased strongly with island size. Density of bird‐dispersed plants was significantly positively related with island size. Since birds tend to disperse smaller seeds than mammals, the trend in seed size may have been a consequence of the shift in relative abundance of the two disperser guilds. Main Conclusions Differential responses of seed dispersers to habitat fragmentation may lead to pervasive shifts in the plant community structure of regenerating forest fragments. Our study highlights the importance of keeping large continuous forests in order to retain mammals and their dispersal capabilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of plants and seed dispersers in response to habitat fragmentation in an artificial island archipelago

Liu

Slik

Coomes

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Overall, the effect was non-linear and the number of tourists had an impact if the number of tourists visiting a given country was high, usually above 20 million. This is also analogous to the invasion process where so-called 'propagule pressure' and continuous colonisations are key triggers of the invasion [50][51][52]. Global travel has increased in overall number, but there has also been a shift in areas visited by travellers, especially in Asia [53].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The macroecology of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Anthropocene

et al. 2020

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has expanded rapidly throughout the world. Thus, it is important to understand how global factors linked with the functioning of the Anthropocene are responsible for the COVID-19 outbreak. We tested hypotheses that the number of COVID-19 cases, number of deaths and growth rate of recorded infections: (1) are positively associated with population density as well as (2) proportion of the human population living in urban areas as a proxies of interpersonal contact rate, (3) age of the population in a given country as an indication of that population's susceptibility to COVID-19; (4) net migration rate and (5) number of tourists as proxies of infection pressure, and negatively associated with (5) gross domestic product which is a proxy of health care quality. Data at the country level were compiled from publicly available databases and analysed with gradient boosting regression trees after controlling for confounding factors (e.g. geographic location). We found a positive association between the number of COVID-19 cases in a given country and gross domestic product, number of tourists, and geographic longitude. The number of deaths was positively associated with gross domestic product, number of tourists in a country, and geographic longitude. The effects of gross domestic product and number of tourists were non-linear, with clear thresholds above which the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths increased rapidly. The growth rate of COVID-19 cases was positively linked to the number of tourists and gross domestic product. The growth rate of COVID-19 cases was negatively associated with the mean age of the population and geographic longitude. Growth was slower in less urbanised countries. This study demonstrates that the characteristics of the human population and high mobility, but not population density, may help explain the global spread of the virus. In addition, geography, possibly via climate, may play a role in the pandemic. The unexpected positive and strong association between gross domestic product and number of cases, deaths, and growth rate suggests that COVID-19 may be a new civilisation disease affecting rich economies.

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“…The probability that seeds will be cached for an extended period rather than eaten depends strongly not only on the functional traits of the seeds (e.g., mass, chemical composition, extended dormancy) but also on the indirect effects of other seed species in the community (Lichti et al, 2017). However, the role of native scatterhoarders in plant invasions is poorly known, even in simple pairwise interactions (Richardson et al, 2000; but see Lenda, Knops, Skórka, Moroń, & Woyciechowski, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer‐mediated indirect interaction with a native plant lowers the fitness of an invasive competitor

2018

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Seed dispersal is a primary driver, via propagule pressure, of biological invasions. In animal‐dispersed plants, theory predicts that indirect ecological interactions at the neighbourhood scale may determine landscape‐scale patterns of seed dispersal and predation, and thus invasion. Indirect interactions in seed dispersal may arise between two plant species if shared seed dispersal agents adjust their foraging decisions to the relative frequencies of co‐occurring seeds. We used seed‐tracking experiments and empirically parameterized simulations to test the hypothesis that an indirect interaction between two plant species, mediated by scatterhoarding rodents that both consume and disperse seeds, affects recruitment of an invasive tree. We predicted that acorns of Quercus rubra (invasive in Central Europe) would experience higher caching (and therefore survival) rates when they co‐occurred with native Quercus petraea than when they occurred in isolation, that Q. petraea acorns would survive at lower rates with Q. rubra relative to isolation, and that this interaction would facilitate Q. rubra seedling recruitment in Q. petraea forests. Contrary to expectations, the presence of Q. petraea reduced caching of Q. rubra acorns, and co‐occurrence with Q. rubra increased caching of Q. petraea. Thus, a rodent‐mediated indirect interaction may be slowing rather than facilitating the Q. rubra invasion. However, our simulations indicate that the magnitude of this indirect interaction will change nonlinearly as Q. rubra becomes more dominant on the landscape, and that the pace of invasion will accelerate as the alien species is released from the rodent‐mediated effect of Q. petraea. Synthesis. The presence of native Quercus petraea decreases recruitment rates of Quercus rubra, and consequently, slows down the invasion process. The strong dependence of pairwise interactions on the presence of a third‐party species emphasizes the role of indirect interactions in the invasion processes.

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Cascading effects of changes in land use on the invasion of the walnut Juglans regia in forest ecosystems

Cited by 29 publications

References 56 publications

The distribution of plants and seed dispersers in response to habitat fragmentation in an artificial island archipelago

The distribution of plants and seed dispersers in response to habitat fragmentation in an artificial island archipelago

The macroecology of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Anthropocene

Consumer‐mediated indirect interaction with a native plant lowers the fitness of an invasive competitor

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