Cascadability assessment of an all optical 3R regenerator based on synchronous modulation in a saturable absorber and optical clock recovery

Long Distance Transmission Using Optical Regeneration

“…In this case, a clock recovery block provides a non-jittered short-pulse clock stream, which is then modulated by a data driven non-linear optical gate block. Another technique is the synchronous modulation which is particularly efficient with 'pure' soliton pulses [2,3] but can also be adapted to dispersion managed soliton transmission systems [4] and linear systems [5]. It is based on data amplitude and phase modulation in using an optical gate driven by the recovered clock.…”

“…The second example illustrates the limitation of a regenerated transmission line by the amplitude noise on mark levels. The regenerator was based on a SA for extinction ratio enhancement, a power limiter based on self-phase modulation effect in fibre followed by a centred filter and a synchronous modulation (SM) block based on cross-absorption in a SA and an optical clock recovery [5]. Figure 1(b) shows the BER evolution versus decision instant without (full squares) and with (empty circles) SM.…”

“…Experiments demonstrating the performance of 2R ( [24,[26][27][28] at 10 Gbit/s and [13,29] at 40 Gbit/s) and 3R ( [22,[30][31][32] at 10 Gbit/s and [5,[33][34][35][36][37][38] at 40 Gbit/s) regenerators were also of prime interest of the community, allowing transmission longer than 1 million kilometers at 10 and 40 Gbit/s. These results generally emphasize the good efficiency of optical regeneration when the regeneration is distributed all along the optical link because of its smooth transmission function.…”

Characterizing the Noise Transfer Properties of an All-Optical Regenerator

“…Optical regenerators have been studied extensively with the objective of extending the reach of long haul optical transmission systems [1,2]. The power transfer function (PTF) has been widely used in assessing the performance of a regenerator [3][4][5].…”