Carrot Yield Increases After Chemical Control of Root-Knot Nematode in Organic Soil

Vrain, T. C.; Fournier, Y.; Crête, R.

doi:10.4141/cjps81-094

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…1,3-D has been an effective method of controlling Meloidogyne spp. in carrot production (4,15). In 1996, 1,3-D was applied to 9% of the approximately 43,700 ha of carrots grown in the United States (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Methyl Iodide as a Soil Fumigant for Root-Knot Nematode Control in Carrot Production

Hutchinson¹,

McGiffen²,

Ohr³

et al. 1999

Plant Disease

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Methyl iodide performance as a soil fumigant was compared with methyl bromide for Meloidogyne incognita control in carrot production. Both compounds were applied to tarped beds by hot-gas fumigation in growers' fields near Bakersfield, California. Methyl iodide was applied at 112, 168, 224, and 336 kg ha-1 and methyl bromide at 112 and 224 kg ha-1. Other chemical treatments included a non-fumigated control, metam sodium (373 liters ha-1), applied through overhead irrigation, and 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D; 112 liters ha-1) commercially shank applied. Soil was either extracted or bioassayed with tomato plants to determine M. incognita populations prior to application of fumigants, 2 weeks after fumigant application, and at carrot harvest. Carrots were rated for marketability based on size and ematode-induced damage. Methyl bromide, methyl iodide, and 1,3 D were effective at reducing M. incognita populations over the season at all rates tested. In both trials, plants in plots fumigated with either methyl bromide or methyl iodide produced at least 161 and 181% more marketable carrots without nematode damage, respectively, than plants in control plots. Methyl iodide was an effective alternative to methyl bromide for nematode control in carrot production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Methyl Iodide as a Soil Fumigant for Root-Knot Nematode Control in Carrot Production

Hutchinson¹,

McGiffen²,

Ohr³

et al. 1999

Plant Disease

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“…Carrot yield increase associated with root-knot nematode control by this method compared favorably with resultsfrom broadcast treatment in organic soil (Vrain et al 1981). With row treatment, fumigation costs are 6-7 times less than with broadcast application.…”

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confidence: 53%

“…However, our results also indicate that high residual nematode populations occur in the year of treatment, at just a short distance from the plant row. Following the standard broadeast application, acceptable marketable carrots could be obtained for two or more years, depending on the initial nematode population densities and the soil fumigant performance (Vrain et al 1981). To avoid the high costof broadeast treatment and to minimize potential damage from high population densities of M. hapla near and between plant rows, an integrated management approach for root-knot nematode populations in carrot production should be considered, combining plant bed fumigation with other control tactics such as culturall practices and crop rotation, which are effective in this cropping System (Bélair 1992;Bélair and Parent 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plant bed treatment with 1,3-dichloropropene for Meloidogyne hapla control in carrots grown in organic soil

Bélair¹,

Fournier²

2005

phyto

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L'efficacité d'un traitement de la planche de semis avec le fumigant 1,3-dichloropropène (1,3-D) pour la lutte contre le Meloidogyne hapla et l'accroissement des rendements de carotte a été évaluée en sol organique dans des champs commerciaux. Le sol a été traité avec le 1,3-D à la dose de 56 et 112 L ha-1, soit incorporé avec un motoculteur sur une bande de 15 cm sur le rang ou injecté sous la planche de semis à 20 cm de profondeur à la dose de 56 L ha-1 à l'aide d'une jambe derrière le motoculteur. L'injection à 56 L ha-1 a fourni le plus haut niveau de lutte contre le nematode avec le plus faible indice de nodosité et les meilleurs rendements en carottes vendables (66,7 t ha-1 vs. 51 ha-1 pour le témoin non traité). La méthode d'application par incorporation a été moins efficace que la méthode par injection, même avec le double de la dose. Dans un deuxième essai au champ, le fumigant a été injecté à la dose de 40 L ha-1 avec un injecteur simple à 20 cm de profondeur. Le traitement de sol a augmente le nombre de carottes vendables (68,7 t ha-1 vs. 11,8 1: ha-1 pour le témoin non traité) et a réduit la nodulation. Un traitement de la planche de semis avec le 1,3-D est une méthode alternative et efficace au traitement traditionnel à la volée pour la lutte contre le nématode des nodosités en culture de carottes en sol organique.The efficacy of plant bed treatment with the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) to control Meloidogyne hapla and improve carrot yields was determined in an organic soil under commercial field conditions. The soil was treated with 1,3-D at 56 and 112 L ha-1 either mixed with a rototiller in a 15-cm width band over the row or injected 20 cm deep with a single shank behind the rototiller at a rate of 56 L ha-1. The single injection treatment at the 56 L ha-1 rate provided the best nematode control with the lowest galling indices and the highest yield of marketable carrot roots (66.7 t ha-1 vs. 5 t ha-1 for untreated control). The mixed application method was less effective than the soil injection method, even at twice the rate. In a second field trial, the fumigant was injected at 40 L ha-1 rate through a single shank at 20 cm deep. Soil treatment suppressed galling and significantly increased the number of marketable carrot roots (68.71 ha-1 vs. 11.81 ha-1 control). Plant bed treatment with 1,3-D is an effective alternative to traditional broadcast treatment for control of root-knot nematodes in carrot production on organic soil

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“…The infective second-stage juveniles disrupt the normal formation of the taproot and induce symptoms such as galling, forking, and stunting (Vrain, 1982). In the organic soils of southwestern Quebec, Canada, carrot monoculture is a common practice, and reduction in marketable yields from root-knot nematode infection can reach 100% in heavily infested fields (Vrain et al, 1981). Soil fumigation with 1,3dichloropropene nematicide at the high rate of 300 liters•ha -1 is the standard chemical treatment used for nematode control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Crop Rotation to Control Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood and Improve Marketable Carrot Yield

Bélair¹,

Parent²

1996

HortSci

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The influence of various crop rotations on population densities of Meloidogyne hapla, the northern root-knot nematode, and subsequent carrot yields was studied in organic soil under field conditions. Seven 3-year sequences with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), or weedy fallow, all with carrot as the third-year crop, were replicated six times in a completely randomized block design. Carrot monoculture, two seasons of weedy fallow, or carrot followed by onion resulted in high M. hapla population densities and severe root damage on carrot the third year. Barley followed by onion or onion followed by barley harbored low M. hapla population densities and provided the highest yields, with 56.8 and 47.2 t marketable carrots/ha, respectively, compared to 2.2 t·ha–1 in the carrot monoculture. A single crop of barley reduced nematode population densities and provided 88% and 73% marketable carrot roots in the subsequent years. High M. hapla population densities and the high proportion of culls recorded in plots in weed fallow emphasize the importance of an effective weed management program for successfully using crop rotation against root-knot nematode in muck-grown carrot.

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Carrot Yield Increases After Chemical Control of Root-Knot Nematode in Organic Soil

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of Methyl Iodide as a Soil Fumigant for Root-Knot Nematode Control in Carrot Production

Evaluation of Methyl Iodide as a Soil Fumigant for Root-Knot Nematode Control in Carrot Production

Plant bed treatment with 1,3-dichloropropene for Meloidogyne hapla control in carrots grown in organic soil

Using Crop Rotation to Control Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood and Improve Marketable Carrot Yield

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