Carrier effects on tertiary nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor: An examination of performance, biofilm and biologically produced solids

Forrest, Daina; Delatolla, Robert; Kennedy, Kevin J.

doi:10.1080/09593330.2015.1077272

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similar observations were performed in other studies, where a larger and flat shaped media with small pore spaces were also affected by clogging. This is especially when used at high loading conditions due to high biofilm growth, and despite their high specific surface area [49]. These results are also in line with Show and Tay, [38], where a decrease in media voidage, induced clogging and dead spaces, resulting in lower hydrodynamic and treatment performance.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of carrier media on oxygen transfer and wastewater hydrodynamics on a moving attached growth system

Dias

Bellingham²,

Hassan³

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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This study investigated the impact of five different carrier media on oxygen transfer efficiency and flow mixing in a 2 m 3 moving attached growth system pilot-plant. The five media studied varied in shape (cylindrical and spherical), size, voidage and protected surface area (112-610 m 2 /m 3). In clean water tests, the media enhanced the overall oxygen transfer efficiency by 23-45% and hydraulic efficiency (HE) by 41-53%, compared with operation with no media. When using spherical media (Media 1, 2 and 3), the presence of biofilm increased the HE to 89, 93 and 100%, respectively. Conversely, Media 4 and 5 with biofilm contributed to a reduction in HE to 74 and 63%, respectively. The media protected surface area, the parameter traditionally selected to design biofilm processes, did not correlate with HE or with oxygen transfer efficiency in clean water tests. This study provides clear evidence that other media physical properties play a role in the mixing and oxygen transfer in moving attached growth systems. A correlation (R 2) of 0.89 and 0.90 was obtained between the media dimensionality times voidage (Di x Voi) and HE, with and without biofilm development, respectively. The combination of parameters (Di x Voi / HE) also correlated well with oxygen transfer efficiency in clean water (R 2 of 0.92 without biofilm and R 2 of 0.88 with biofilm). Dimensionality and voidage should be utilised to design and optimise media size and shape, to enhance mixing and oxygen transfer, ultimately contributing to energy savings and higher removal efficiencies.

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supporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of carrier media on oxygen transfer and wastewater hydrodynamics on a moving attached growth system

Dias

Bellingham²,

Hassan³

et al. 2018

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…They have been used successfully for municipal and industrial wastewater including pulp and paper industry wastewater, poultry processing wastewater and dairy wastewater . The MBBR is being considered as an upgrade option for an increasing number of wastewater treatment facilities due to its small footprint and feasible operation . This process relies on the use of moving carriers in which microorganisms form biofilms.…”

Section: Membrane Biofilm Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[49][50][51][52] The MBBR is being considered as an upgrade option for an increasing number of wastewater treatment facilities due to its small footprint and feasible operation. 35 This process relies on the use of moving carriers in which microorganisms form biofilms. Thus, the slow-growing microorganisms, including nitrifying bacteria, can be retained in the system without being washed out.…”

Section: Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (Mbbr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the advances in nitrifying biofilm reactors and their removal rates in wastewater treatment

Chaali

Naghdi

Brar

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Growing demand for efficient wastewater treatment systems is spurring on the development of new technologies. Biofilm‐based reactors can be used for the treatment of a variety of wastewaters and these reactors are resistant to toxic environments. Bioreactors, such as sequencing batch biofilm and moving bed biofilm are advanced techniques to treat various types of wastewaters with diverse operating conditions. Ammonium oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria and Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bacteria are reported to be responsible for nutrient removal. In recent decades, the performance of these systems has been studied widely and compared for a number of wastewater treatment applications. In general, they are particularly suitable for high‐rate nitrification and nitrogen removal. The efficiency of these reactors has been confirmed in the laboratory and large‐scale plants. Their efficiency depends on the surface area of the biocarrier, the filling percentage volume of biofilm carriers, organic loading and diffused aeration supply. Chemical oxygen demand removal of 50–98% was reported for <12 h hydraulic retention time, 0.2 to 6.5 mg L−1 dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature range 15–35 °C. Also, the ratio of nitrate to ammonium conversion was from 0.2 to 90 and N2 conversion was from 0 to 8.5 mg. This review studied each of these bioreactors in the removal of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen) from different wastewaters and compared them to conventional treatment. The review also includes the relevant studies on laboratory and pilot‐scale bioreactors to enhance their performance and reduce their costs. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…The constituent concentrations of the influent synthetic wastewater used in this work was modified from (Forrest et al, 2016;Hoang et al, 2014;Young et al, 2017a) and contained the following: Test and characterize the kinetics of the two reactors in series.…”

Section: Sb-mbbr Reactor Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample filtered using first a 1.5 µm glass fibre 691 filters (Millipore Corporation, Darmstadt, Germany), then further filtered with 0.45µm Millipore G filter (Millipore Corporation, Darmstadt, Germany). In accordance with the method established in Forrest et al, 2016, the 2 ml of the filtrate was pipetted from the beaker to the HACH COD LR vial. The vial was then sealed and shaken several times to ensure proper mixing.…”

Section: Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

SB-MBBR Technology: Treatment Strategies for Nitrification in Elevated Carbon Concentration Industrial Wastewater

Al-Ghussain¹

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The dairy processing industry, in specific cheese processing, is a growing sector of the economy world wide. For example, China's demand for milk products projected an increase of 3.2-fold by 2050. While domestically in Canada, an annual increase of 5% has been reported since 2015 projected to continue to 2018. An increase in the demand for milk and dairy products translates to an increase in the produced wastewater. For every 2 L of milk processed 5 L of wastewater is produced, meanwhile, for every 1kg of cheese processed 9 kg of cheese whey is produced requiring the use of an estimated 10 kg of milk. Cheese whey is a by-product generated during the cheese manufacturing processes, with cheese processing wastewater defined as a combined stream of all wastewaters from a cheese processing facility.Cheese processing wastewater can be characterized as medium to high strength wastewater with COD concentrations of above 1000 mg·L -1 . In specific, cheese effluent can display COD concentrations in the range of 2500-5000 mg·L -1 and ammonia concentration in the ranges from 100-140 mg·L -1 -N, and total phosphorus is in the range of 50-60 mg·L -1 -P. Due to the high concentrations of carbon and nutrients in cheese processing wastewater, current stringent provincial regulations applied to municipal wastewater treatment plants restrict the discharge to sewers without prior treatment; leading to an increased demand for decentralized treatment units. Decentralized treatment units like sequencing batch reactors (SBR) gained popularity in cheesewastewater treatment due to their simple construct, reduced building expense and smaller footprint compared to conventional systems. The SBR however, has the potential of discharging floating or settled sludge during the draw or decant stages. The aerobic granular SBRs (AG-SBRs) promoted the formation of granules decreasing the potential of discharge. However, AG-SBRs were found to have problems regarding granular formation. The larger granules in an AG-SBR tended to ii of xii destabilize due to endogenous respiration within the granule resulting in its collapse and washout.While granule size affected nitrogen removal, smaller granules removed more nitrogen than larger granules. Replacing the granules with plastic carriers in an SBR introduced the sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactor (SB-MBBR). The carriers eliminated the washout problem encountered in AG-SBRs as the biomass is retained on the carriers and remains in the reactor. It was postulated that an anaerobic, aerobic, anoxic (AOA) stage sequence would be ideal for dairy treatment using an SB-MBBR. AOA stage sequence allows for C, N, and P removal from a single reactor by selecting for the phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs), and nitrifiers. To date, however, the operation of an SB-MBBR with an AOA stage sequence treating wastewater from the food processing industry, in specific cheese wastewater has not been reported.Wastewater from a cheese making facility in eastern Ontario was modelled in a laboratory setting.The in...

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Carrier effects on tertiary nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactor: An examination of performance, biofilm and biologically produced solids

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of carrier media on oxygen transfer and wastewater hydrodynamics on a moving attached growth system

Impact of carrier media on oxygen transfer and wastewater hydrodynamics on a moving attached growth system

A review on the advances in nitrifying biofilm reactors and their removal rates in wastewater treatment

SB-MBBR Technology: Treatment Strategies for Nitrification in Elevated Carbon Concentration Industrial Wastewater

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