Carotenoid production in sugarcane juice and synthetic media supplemented with nutrients by Rhodotorula rubra l02

Abstract

In order for the use of biological carotenoids to become feasible, it is necessary to have adequate low cost sources and improved methods of cultivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, and magnesium, on the biomass and carotenoid volumetric production by yeast Rhodotorula rubra L02 using a complex medium (sugarcane juice) and synthetic media (sucrose and maltose) as substrates. The experimental design used for each substrate was randomized in blocks with 16 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were compound for 15 different combinations of nutrients (N; Mg; Zn; P, N + Mg; N + Zn; N + P; Mg + Zn; Mg + P; Zn + P; N + P + Zn; N + P + Mg; N + Zn + Mg; P + Zn + Mg; N + Zn + Mg + P) alone and combined, and a control. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5% significance level. Among the treatments evaluated, the highest production of dry biomass, with both maltose and sucrose, was observed for Mg (1.60 g/L and 1.94 g/L, respectively). Additionally, another treatment that stood out in terms of biomass production was the control treatment with maltose (1.54 g/L). After the incubation time, killer activity was not observed since there was no formation of inhibition halo around the L02 yeast.

Comparison and Quantification of Metabolites and Their Antioxidant Activities in Young and Mature Leaves of Sugarcane

“…Anthocyanins and carotenoids are color pigments that are randomly circulated in different sugarcane species. 23,28 The end product of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway is anthocyanin. 40 The DFR gene encodes a key enzyme, named "dihydroflavonol-4-reductase", which causes the reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanidins in the proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.…”

“…Phenolic compounds are widely distributed in living organisms having diverse roles in plant species. Among different phenolic compounds, flavonoids are prominent because they are biologically active in nature and have powerful antioxidant activities that protect plants against various abiotic and biotic stresses. , To date, few studies have found that the juice, leaves, and peels of S. officinarum contain flavonoid compounds whereas no detailed metabolic study has been conducted in other cultivated sugarcane species. ,,, Flavonoids and anthocyanins are used as synthetic additives and synthetic dyes, and the consumption of dietary flavonoids decreases the risk of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, failing vision, and atherosclerosis. ,, Moreover, flavonoids have powerful antioxidant properties that protect the cellular organelles from oxidative damage and also protect from greater light stress. , Additionally, carotenoids (red, orange, and yellow organic pigments) and proanthocyanidins (key precursors of the red and blue-violet pigments) are also considered robust antioxidants that play a significant role in the protection of plant cells during oxidative stress. ,,, …”

“…7,27 Additionally, carotenoids (red, orange, and yellow organic pigments) and proanthocyanidins (key precursors of the red and blue-violet pigments) are also considered robust antioxidants that play a significant role in the protection of plant cells during oxidative stress. 7,24,28,29 Research on sugarcane, despite it being the major crop of the world, is restricted only to biomass production and sugarcane juice composition. In spite of the importance of secondary metabolites, only a handful of reports have verified the presence the flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanins whereas carotenoids, terpenoids, and proanthocyanins have rarely been studied in only one or two species.…”

Effects of some factors on carotenoid biosynthesis by Rhodotorula Muclaginosa

“…In order to evaluate the effect of supplementation, Bonadio, Freita, and Mutton (2018) incubated yeast Rhodotorula rubra L02 in mediums with different concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and magnesium. The dry biomass and carotenoid yield were 2g/L and 0.003mg/L, respectively.…”

Characteristics of a red-pigmented thermotolerant bacteria (GSB-001) isolated from Gedong Songo hot spring, Bandungan, Semarang – Indonesia

“…The others microorganisms pigment producer are the yeasts Rhodotorula sp., Rhodosporidium sp. for synthesis of torulen, torulahordin and β-carotene (Tkačova, 2015;Bonadio et al, 2018;). Many bacteria producing pigment are: Rhodococcus sp., Serratia sp., Rhodotorula sp.…”