Carga ácida de la dieta; mecanismos y evidencia de sus repercusiones en la salud

Osuna-Padilla, Iván Armando; Leal-Escobar, Gabriela; Garza-García, Carlos; Rodríguez-Castellanos, Francisco E.

doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2018.10.005

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Acidogenic foods include meat and meat products, fish, eggs, cheeses, and certain grains [1,2]. Dietary phosphorus and proteins found in these foods release acid precursors after metabolism [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processed meats contain preservative phosphate additives including phosphoric acid, phosphates, and polyphosphates which have a high gastrointestinal absorption rate [3]. Metabolic acidosis, as measured by an arterial pH less than 7.35 and/or reduced concentrations of bicarbonate, has been linked to insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and other complications [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A plant-based diet in overweight adults in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: The role of dietary acid load

Kahleová

McCann

Alwarith

et al. 2021

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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Background: Evidence suggests that changes in dietary acid load may influence body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity. Methods: Participants (n ¼ 244) were randomly assigned to an intervention (vegan) (n ¼ 122) or control group (n ¼ 122) for 16 weeks. Before and after the intervention period, body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin resistance was assessed with the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) index and predicted insulin sensitivity index (PREDIM). Repeated measure ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) decreased significantly in the vegan group with no change in the control group (treatment effect À24.7 mEq/day [95% CI -30.2 to À19.2]; p < 0.001; and À23.8 mEq/day [95% CI -29.6 to À18.0]; p < 0.001, respectively). Body weight decreased by 6.4 kg in the vegan group, compared with 0.5 kg in the control group (treatment effect À5.9 kg [95% CI -6.8 to À5.0]; Gxt, p < 0.001), largely due to a reduction in fat mass and visceral fat. HOMA-IR index decreased and PREDIM increased in the vegan group. After adjustment for energy intake, changes in PRAL and NEAP correlated positively with changes in body weight (r ¼ þ0.37; p < 0.001; and r ¼ þ0.37; p < 0.001, respectively), fat mass (r ¼ þ0.32; p < 0.001; and r ¼ þ0.32; p < 0.001, respectively), visceral fat (r ¼ þ0.19; p ¼ 0.006; and r ¼ þ0.15; p ¼ 0.03, respectively), and HOMA (r ¼ þ0.17; p ¼ 0.02; and r ¼ þ0.20; p ¼ 0.006, respectively), and negatively with changes in PREDIM (r ¼ À0.22; p ¼ 0.002; and r ¼ À0.27; p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Dietary acid load as part of a plant-based diet was associated with changes in body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity, independent of energy intake. Mechanistic explanations suggest that the relationship may be causal. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03698955.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A plant-based diet in overweight adults in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: The role of dietary acid load

Kahleová

McCann

Alwarith

et al. 2021

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

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“…Results from this study con rmed the inverse association between the dietary PRAL and the prevalence of diabetes. It is believed that high dietary PRAL induces low-grade acidosis that is linked to the development of metabolic complications including diabetes and hypertension, and other renal and bone complications [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Acid Load and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Population-based Study

Mirmiran

Houshialsadat

Bahadoran

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Considering the established association between the dietary acid load and cardiovascular outcomes, as well as the existing inconstancies in the previous studies, we aimed to assess the association between the dietary acid load and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Methods: Eligible participants (n= 2369, 19- 70 years old, 43.5% men) with no cardiovascular diseases at baseline (2006-2008) were recruited and followed up for a mean period of 6.7 ± 1.4 years. Potential Renal Acid Load and Net Endogenous Acid Production, as the two indexes of dietary acid load, were calculated based on the macronutrient and micronutrient constitutions. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to report the association between tertiles of Potential Renal Acid Load and Net Endogenous Acid Production, and 6-years incident risk of cardiovascular diseases.Results: The mean age and body mass index of the participants were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline, respectively. The incident rate of cardiovascular diseases was reported as 3.3% (79 cases). No significant associations were detected between the Potential Renal Acid Load and the cardiovascular diseases incidence in the crude or the adjusted models (HRs= 0.63; CI: 0.36-1.17; P trend= 0.10). Meanwhile, the Net Endogenous Acid Production index was marginally significantly associated with the crude model (HR= 0.57; CI: 0.33-0.99, P trend= 0.048). Conclusions: Data from the current study were not in favor of an independent association between the dietary acid load and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases within the Iranian population.

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“…However, the interaction between these two conditions is not well defined, although some longitudinal studies suggest that obesity may precede asthma [33,34,35,36]. Dietary acid load tends to induce a chronic low-grade metabolic-acidosis, which is associated with metabolic alterations and obesity prevalence in adults [37,38] as well as with the risk for generation of systemic acidosis and its metabolic consequences in children [39]. Food intake and subsequent metabolism is a complex process that depends on dietary patterns adopted by the individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Acid Load: A Novel Nutritional Target in Overweight/Obese Children with Asthma?

et al. 2019

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Obesity has been repeatedly linked to asthma, and several potential mechanisms have been proposed in the etiologies of the obese-asthma phenotype. Considering that lungs play an important role in systemic pH and acid–base regulation, are a key organ in asthma development, and that nutritional inadequacy of several nutrients and high dietary acid load can affect airway inflammation and reactivity, we aimed to test the hypothesis that dietary acid load may be associated with asthma in children. Data on 699 children (52% females), aged 7–12 years, were analyzed. Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess body mass index. Dietary acid load was calculated using potential renal acid load (PRAL) equations from a 24 h dietary recall administrated to children. Adjusted PRAL for total energy intake was applied with the use of the residual method. Lung function and airway reversibility were assessed with spirometry. Asthma was defined by a positive bronchodilation or self-reported medical diagnosis with reported symptoms (wheezing, dyspnea, or dry cough) in the past 12 months. After adjustment for energy intake, sex, age, parent’s education level, and physical activity, positive and significant associations were found between asthma and PRAL [odds ratio (OR) = 1.953, 95% CI = 1.024, 3.730) in overweight/obese children. Our findings suggest that dietary acid load might be a possible mechanism in overweight/obese-asthma phenotype development.

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Carga ácida de la dieta; mecanismos y evidencia de sus repercusiones en la salud

Cited by 40 publications

References 73 publications

A plant-based diet in overweight adults in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: The role of dietary acid load

A plant-based diet in overweight adults in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: The role of dietary acid load

Dietary Acid Load and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Population-based Study

Dietary Acid Load: A Novel Nutritional Target in Overweight/Obese Children with Asthma?

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