Care Recommendations for the Chronic Risk of COVID-19: Nursing Intervention for Behaviour Changes

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge for health systems. The absence of prior evidence makes it difficult to disseminate consensual care recommendations. However, lifestyle adaptation is key to controlling the pandemic. In light of this, nursing has its own model and language that allow these recommendations to be combined from global and person-centred perspectives. The purpose of the study is to design a population-oriented care recommendation guide for COVID-19. The methodology uses a group of experts who provide classified recommendations according to Gordon’s functional patterns, after which a technical team unifies them and returns them for validation through the content validity index (CVI). The experts send 1178 records representing 624 recommendations, which are unified into 258. In total, 246 recommendations (95.35%) are validated, 170 (65.89%) obtain high validation with CVI > 0.80, and 12 (4.65%) are not validated by CVI < 0.50. The mean CVI per pattern is 0.84 (0.70–0.93). These recommendations provide a general framework from a nursing care perspective. Each professional can use this guide to adapt the recommendations to each individual or community and thus measure the health impact. In the future, this guideline could be updated as more evidence becomes available.

Competence in Spiritual and Emotional Care: Learning Outcomes for the Evaluation of Nursing Students

“…The experts proposed to eliminate the variety of terms such as “individual” or “patient” and use the term “person” because it is more appropriate to reflect a comprehensive vision of care, which includes the situation of hospitalisation as well as care in the home environment or in the community. This change is in accordance with the Knowledge Model about Person Care [ 62 ].…”

Care Robotics: An Assessment of Professional Perception in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…In addition, this analysis included a perspective from the Knowledge Model about Person Care to determine whether the assessment tasks performed by the implemented tools managed to cover the different phases of the healthcare process [ 8 ].…”

“…In this sense, healthcare requires models that analyse each situation from a perspective centred on the person and their vulnerability, along with the risk conditions of the environment in which they live and work. The Knowledge Model about Person Care integrates this perspective of analysing the person and their environment in order to subsequently analyse their clinical situation, possible health outcomes and the most appropriate interventions [ 8 ]. A triangulation analysis allows one to identify the main care needs and to monitor the evolution of health outcomes [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Active and Healthy Confinement: Care Recommendations on Activity, Sleep and Relationships

“…The same researchers promoted in Madrid the project “ Recommendations for care in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic for all healthcare settings ”, a project to face the possibility of a future with a chronic risk of infection from COVID-19 or similar health problems [ 42 ]. Thus, recommendations are “statements designed to help end-users make informed decisions on whether, when and how to undertake specific actions such as clinical interventions, diagnostic tests or public health measures, with the aim of achieving the best possible individual or collective health outcomes ” [ 43 ].…”

“…These problems may be in the subclinical phase or manifest with a wide range of severity. The result of these care situations will influence the level of health, which will later be part of the basal situation of the person [ 42 ].…”