Cardiovascular, ventilatory and total activity responses of brown trout to handling stress

Laitinen, Markku

doi:10.1006/jfbi.1994.1192

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Similar studies on brown trout Salmo trutta L. have found recovery periods ranging from 3 to 4 days (Laitinen & Valtonen, 1994) to >2 weeks (Pickering et al ., 1982). This great variation in reported acclimation times is due to the many factors that influence recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Recovery from handling stress in Gadus morhua

Artigas

Skjæraasen

Utne‐Palm

et al. 2005

Journal of Fish Biology

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The time needed for juvenile cod Gadus morhua to recover from handling stress, and also whether observer presence or haemoglobin genotype influenced recovery time, were investigated. Time to recovery after handling was found to be 1Á5 h based on opercular beat frequencies and behaviour. No effects of haemoglobin genotype or observer presence were found. # 2005 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Recovery from handling stress in Gadus morhua

Artigas

Skjæraasen

Utne‐Palm

et al. 2005

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…In experiment II (age 2+ fish, 1998), the signals were filtered and analysed electronically using LabView 5.0 software (National Instruments). The use of external electrodes avoided the stress caused by surgery and handling (Laitinen and Valtonen 1994).…”

Section: Heart Rate Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and heart rate responses to predation risk in wild and domesticated Atlantic salmon

Johnsson¹,

Höjesjö²,

Fleming³

2001

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

167

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Artificial culture may relax the selective pressures from predators, thereby altering behavioural and heart rate responses to predation risk. Culture may also impose new selection that adapts fish to confinement. Predictions from these hypotheses were tested by comparing seventh-generation farm Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with wild Atlantic salmon from the principal founder population of the farm strain. Wild age 1+ salmon had higher standard heart rates and showed a more pronounced flight and heart rate response to a simulated predator attack than did farmed salmon. However, wild fish were closer to the model predator at attack, which may have accentuated these differences. Both strains habituated to the threat, showing less response to the second attack than to the first. In contrast with age 1+ fish, wild age 2+ salmon had lower standard heart rates than farmed fish. Moreover, in age 2+ salmon, domestication effects were less clear and the response to predation threat considerably weaker, suggesting that environmental effects of culture override genetic effects as time in captivity increases. Domestication selection may thus alter reaction norms of farmed animals over environmental gradients and time. This should be considered when attempting to predict the consequences of release or escape of domesticated animals in the wild.Résumé : L'élevage en milieu artificiel diminue les pressions des prédateurs et change ainsi les réactions comportementales et physiologiques (rythme cardiaque) aux risques de prédation. L'élevage peut aussi imposer un nouveau type de sélection qui favorise l'adaptation des poissons à la restriction d'espace. La comparaison de Saumons de l'Atlantique (Salmo salar) élevés depuis 7 générations en pisciculture et de saumons sauvages provenant de la population souche principale de la pisciculture a permis de vérifier certaines prédictions générées à partir de ces hypothèses. Les saumons sauvages d'âge 1+ ont des rythmes cardiaques standard plus élevés et exhibent des réactions plus fortes de fuite et de modification du rythme cardiaque à l'attaque simulée d'un prédateur que les saumons de pisciculture. Cependant, les poissons sauvages étaient plus près du modèle de prédateur lors de l'attaque, ce qui peut avoir accentué ces différences. Les deux groupes développent une habituation aux attaques et réagissent moins fortement à une seconde attaque qu'à la première. Contrairement aux poissons d'âge 1+, les saumons sauvages d'âge 2+ ont des rythmes cardiaques standard plus bas que les saumons de pisciculture. De plus, chez les saumon d'âge 2+, les effets de la domestication sont moins apparents et les réactions à la menace de prédation sont considérablement diminuées, ce qui laisse croire que les effets environnementaux de l'élevage masquent les effets génétiques à mesure que la durée de la captivité augmente. La sélection opérée par la domestication peut ainsi modifier les normes des réactions des animaux élevés en milieu artificiel sur une gamme de gradients environnementaux et temporels. Ce s...

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“…A potential tool for evaluating predator recognition abilities in fishes is the measurement of ventilation rate. It is well known that ventilation rates of fishes respond to factors that raise metabolic rate, such as temperature (Burton, 1979) and handling (Laitinen & Valtonen, 1994). Pfeiffer (1962) reported that ventilation rates increased in response to alarm substance and Metcalfe et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predator‐induced hyperventilation in wild and hatchery Atlantic salmon fry

Hawkins

Armstrong

Magurran

2004

Journal of Fish Biology

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Following exposure to a predator stimulus (a brown trout Salmo trutta), the opercular rate of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar fry increased by 35Á3 AE 11Á0% (mean AE 95% CI). The time taken for opercular rate to decline to baseline levels depended upon the occurrence of any associated locomotory activity. Opercular rates of fish that dashed when exposed remained elevated for 38Á2 AE 20Á6 min, whereas those of individuals that did not move ('freezers') recovered within 7Á2 AE 2Á9 min. The duration that opercular rate remained elevated was positively correlated with the magnitude of the elevation, which was higher in 'dashers' than freezers. The maximum opercular rate in 'freezers' was similar between wild fry and hatchery-reared fry (from wild parents). There was a significant delay, however, in hatchery compared with wild fry in the time until peak ventilatory response and onset in the decline phase. This difference in opercular response suggests that hatchery fish were slower to realize fully the potential danger from the predator. Any delay in response could be directly attributed to the effect of hatchery-rearing environment, rather than domestication or hatchery selection effects. # 2004 Crown copyright

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Cardiovascular, ventilatory and total activity responses of brown trout to handling stress

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Recovery from handling stress in Gadus morhua

Recovery from handling stress in Gadus morhua

Behavioural and heart rate responses to predation risk in wild and domesticated Atlantic salmon

Predator‐induced hyperventilation in wild and hatchery Atlantic salmon fry

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