Cardiovascular Stress Associated With Concentric and Eccentric Isokinetic Exercise in Young and Older Adults

Abstract

Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) responses to submaximal isokinetic concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) knee extension exercise were compared at the same absolute torque output in 20 young (mean+/-SD=23.2+/-1.7 years) and 20 older (mean+/-SD=75.2+/-4.6 years) adults. After determination of peak CON and ECC torques, subjects performed separate, randomly ordered, 2-minute bouts of isokinetic CON and ECC exercise (90 degrees/s, exercise intensity: 50% of CON peak torque). CON exercise elicited greater changes in HR, MAP, and RPP than ECC exercise (p<.001) for both age groups. There were no age-related differences in HR, MAP, or RPP responses for either CON or ECC exercise. At the same absolute torque output, isokinetic CON knee extension exercise elicited significantly greater increases in cardiovascular stress than ECC exercise in both young and older adults. This result has implications for determining appropriate fitness and rehabilitation programs.

Torque, myoeletric sygnal and heart rate responses during concentric and eccentric exercises in older men

“…These results are in accordance with Haennel et al 14 and Overend et al 39 and are in conflict with others 2,3,25-28 which verified higher HR values during concentric rather than eccentric exercise. It is well known that the HR acceleration observed as a result of a muscular contraction occurs due to a vagal withdrawal, primarily in the beginning of the voluntary effort (i.e., 10 sec.)…”

Equipamentos das academias da terceira idade: influência sobre o comportamento da pressão arterial e da frequência cardíaca de idosos

“…Apesar do No que se refere à resposta hemodinâmica aguda do exercício físico, um dos fatores que influenciam no aumento da PA é o aumento da FC. 13 Conforme pode ser observado na Tabela 2 Distribuição da frequência cardíaca na avaliação inicial e final dos idosos praticantes de atividades físicas nas academias da terceira idade. Tabela 4 Distribuição da pressão arterial sistólica na avaliação inicial e final dos idosos praticantes de atividades físicas nas academias da terceira idade.…”

“…4 após um programa sistematizado de atividades físicas durante seis meses na ATI, verificaram importantes reduções nos níveis pressóricos, o que foi relatado inclusive pelos próprios usuários. As modalidades de exercícios realizados nas ATI no momento da pesquisaconsiderando o tipo de contrações realizadas (predominantemente dinâmicas), a moderada carga externa (peso do próprio corpo e dos equipamentos) e o número reduzido de grupos musculares solicitados simultaneamente 13 -podem explicar a menor resposta fisiológica ao esforço.…”

Do continuous and intermittent exercises sets induce similar cardiovascular responses in the elderly women?

“…Literature has shown more concern in addressing the effects of resistive exercises practiced in an appropriate equipment. Some examples are the studies of Overend et al 11 and Smolander et al 25 , who focused their attention on cardiovascular stress of youngsters and elders during isokinetic and isometric exercises, respectively. The results of this study showed there was no significant HR differences between continuous and intermittent sets with similar or different number of repetitions, showing that the proposed workout situations did not influence the response of this variable.…”

“…One of the aspects to be considered is the safety of the proposed activities, particularly on acute cardiovascular responses. For this purpose many authors have used assessment of heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) as non-invasive indicators of cardiovascular overload during exercise [8][9][10][11][12] .…”