Cardiovascular risk assessment in women – an update

Collins, Peter; Webb, Carolyn; Villiers, T. J. de; Stevenson, John C.; Panay, Nick; Baber, Rod

doi:10.1080/13697137.2016.1198574

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…It is well established that estrogen has favorable effects on endothelial and cardiac function 5,37 and loss of estrogen at menopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. 38 In the present study, only minor differences in cardiac dimensions and systolic and diastolic function were detected between the premenopausal and recent postmenopausal women at baseline. This finding was therefore surprising and contrasts our own findings of reduced peripheral vascular function in postmenopausal women, as determined in a subgroup of the same premenopausal and postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…It is well established that estrogen has favorable effects on endothelial and cardiac function and loss of estrogen at menopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease . In the present study, only minor differences in cardiac dimensions and systolic and diastolic function were detected between the premenopausal and recent postmenopausal women at baseline.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

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Cardiac Adaptations to High‐Intensity Aerobic Training in Premenopausal and Recent Postmenopausal Women: The Copenhagen Women Study

Egelund

Jørgensen

Mandrup

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundWe examined the role of menopause on cardiac dimensions and function and assessed the efficacy of exercise training before and after menopause.Methods and ResultsTwo groups of healthy premenopausal (n=36, 49.4±0.3 years) and postmenopausal (n=37, 53.5±0.5 years) women with no history of cardiovascular disease and with a mean age difference between groups of only 4 years were studied. Cardiac dimensions and systolic and diastolic function were determined by transthoracic echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging and 2‐dimensional speckle tracking. Measurements were performed at baseline and after a 12‐week period of high‐intensity aerobic cycle training. LV internal diastolic diameter and LV mass were similar in the 2 groups at baseline and increased by ≈2% to 8% (P=0.04–0.0007) with training in both groups. Left atrial end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes were similar for both groups and increased by 23% to 36% (P=0.0006–0.0001) with training. Systolic function assessed by mean global strain was similar in both groups at baseline and increased by ≈8% (P=0.0004) with training in the postmenopausal group. LV displacement increased by ≈3% (P=0.04) in the premenopausal women only. Diastolic function assessed by E/A ratio was similar at baseline and increased by ≈7% (P=0.01) in the premenopausal group and 11% (P=0.0001) in the postmenopausal group with training.ConclusionsThese results suggest that training‐induced cardiac adaptations are preserved in the early postmenopausal phase. Furthermore, the hormonal changes associated with the menopausal transition do not appear to affect cardiac dimensions and function.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02135575.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Cardiac Adaptations to High‐Intensity Aerobic Training in Premenopausal and Recent Postmenopausal Women: The Copenhagen Women Study

Egelund

Jørgensen

Mandrup

et al. 2017

JAHA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in postmenopausal women [1]. Unfavorable behavioral factors during the life as tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and harmful use of alcohol are fundamental for CVD risk [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Polyphenol Intake, but Not the Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity, Is Inversely Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Polish Women: Results of WOBASZ and WOBASZ II Studies

Witkowska

Waśkiewicz

Zujko

et al. 2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the dietary polyphenol intake (DPI) and the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Participants were 916 postmenopausal women diagnosed with CVD and 1683 postmenopausal women without history of CVD, who took part in the population-based studies carried out in Poland: WOBASZ (2003–2005) and WOBASZ II (2013-2014). Nutritional data were collected using a single 24-hour dietary recall. DPI and DTAC in the CVD women were significantly lower and accounted for 1766.39 mg/d and 10.84 mmol/d, respectively, versus 1920.57 mg/d and 11.85 mmol/d in the women without CVD, but these differences disappeared after the standardization for energy input. Also, in the multiple-adjustment model, higher DPI, but not DTAC, was associated with the reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of CVD. Beverages, mainly coffee and tea, contributed in more than 40% to DPI and in more than a half to DTAC. In this study, higher dietary polyphenol intake, but not the dietary total antioxidant capacity, was inversely associated with CVD in postmenopausal women, which points to the health benefits of increased polyphenol intake from food sources for these women.

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“…As mentioned previously, HRT can improve lipid profiles and lead to a reduction in LDL-c, significant increases in HDL-c, and decreases in lipoprotein(a). [35,36]…”

Section: Dyslipidemiasmentioning

confidence: 99%