Cardiovascular protective effects of Casearia sylvestris Swartz in Swiss and C57BL/6 LDLr-null mice undergoing high fat diet

Brant, Nayara Mercedes Frediani; Gasparotto, Francielly Mourão; Araújo, Valdinei de Oliveira; Maraschin, Jhonatan Christian; Ribeiro, Rita de Cássia Lima; Lourenço, Emerson Luiz Botelho; Cardozo, Euclides Lara; Gasparotto, Arquimedes

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.019

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We also observed carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickening. Additionally, AIS, a measure of the atherosclerotic lesion extent based on serum lipid concentration [23,24], was significantly lower in NDS-treated animals compared with untreated mice, suggesting a preventive action of the natural supplement on atherogenesis development. Therefore, the improvement of the lipid profile could explain the absence of lesions in the NDS-treated animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NAFLD and Atherosclerosis Are Prevented by a Natural Dietary Supplement Containing Curcumin, Silymarin, Guggul, Chlorogenic Acid and Inulin in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

et al. 2017

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) confers an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. NAFDL is associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia, inflammation and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) imbalance, which in turn lead to atherosclerotic lesions. In the present study, the impact of a natural dietary supplement (NDS) containing Curcuma longa, silymarin, guggul, chlorogenic acid and inulin on NAFLD and atherosclerosis was evaluated, and the mechanism of action was examined. C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD for 16 weeks; half of the mice were simultaneously treated with a daily oral administration (os) of the NDS. NAFLD and atherogenic lesions in aorta and carotid artery (histological analysis), hepatic expression of genes involved in the NAFLD (PCR array), hepatic angiotensinogen (AGT) and AT1R mRNA expression (real-time PCR) and plasma angiotensin (ANG)-II levels (ELISA) were evaluated. In the NDS group, steatosis, aortic lesions or carotid artery thickening was not observed. PCR array showed upregulation of some genes involved in lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory activity (Cpt2, Ifng) and downregulation of some genes involved in pro-inflammatory response and in free fatty acid up-take (Fabp5, Socs3). Hepatic AGT, AT1R mRNA and ANG II plasma levels were significantly lower with respect to the untreated-group. Furthermore, NDS inhibited the dyslipidemia observed in the untreated animals. Altogether, these results suggest that NDS prevents NAFLD and atherogenesis by modulating the expression of different genes involved in NAFLD and avoiding RAS imbalance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The atherogenic index serum (AIS), which is the measure of the atherosclerotic lesion extent based on serum lipids [23], was determined in all groups. The atherogenic index serum is calculated using the formula AIS = total cholesterol (TC)/HDL [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NAFLD and Atherosclerosis Are Prevented by a Natural Dietary Supplement Containing Curcumin, Silymarin, Guggul, Chlorogenic Acid and Inulin in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

et al. 2017

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“…Phytochemical analysis of HEMV revealed the predominant presence of flavonoid glycosides and other polyphenols. Currently, it is well established that flavonoids and other polyphenols may have antioxidant, diuretic, natriuretic, and antihypertensive activity, suggesting several cardioprotective effects, including decreased oxidation of LDL cholesterol and endothelial damage [ 9 , 19 , 20 ]. Although these compounds proactively collaborate to prevent the onset of atherosclerosis, the fact that the pharmacological effects of HEVM may be due to several other secondary metabolites acting in a coordinated manner, but in independent molecular targets cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An aliquot of extract was used in the phytochemical screening, which was performed using methodology adapted by Brant et al (2014) [ 9 ]. We investigated the presence of the following chemical groups: coumarins, polyphenols, tannins, catechins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and anthraquinones, alkaloids, methylxanthines, and saponins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renoprotective Effects ofVitex megapotamica(Spreng.) Moldenke in C57BL/6 LDLr-Null Mice Undergoing High Fat Diet

Araújo

Gasparotto

Pires

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Although Vitex megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke is used in Brazilian folk medicine as hypolipidemic drug no study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of this species in an experimental model of atherosclerosis. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible renoprotective activity of methanolic extract obtained from Vitex megapotamica (MEVM) using C57BL/6 LDLr-null mice submitted to high fat diet (HFD). MEVM was orally administered at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, for three weeks, starting from the 2nd week of HFD. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diuretic activity were measured weekly. At the end of experiments the serum lipids, atherogenic index serum (AIS), oxidative stress, and markers of renal function were determined. HFD induced a significant increase in the systolic blood pressure, dyslipidemia, increase in AIS, and lipid peroxidation accompanied by an important reduction in renal function. Treatment with MEVM was able to prevent increase in SBP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, AIS, urea, and creatinine levels in LDLr-null mice. These effects were accompanied by a significant reduction in oxidative stress and renal injury. The data reported here support the potential of Vitex megapotamica as candidate to be an herbal medicine used in cardiovascular or renal diseases.

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“…All animals underwent autopsy on all external and internal cavities. Furthermore, kidneys, spleen, brain, lungs, intestines (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), liver, testicles, epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate, uterus, and ovaries were carefully removed, fixed, sectioned, mounted on glass slides, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin [ 13 ]. Necropsy and histopathology evaluation were performed by a board-certified veterinary pathologist.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ninety-Day Oral Toxicity Assessment of an Alternative Biopolymer for Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Cassava Starch Acetate

Jesus

Barbosa

Prando

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The large consumption of biodegradable films from cassava starch acetate (FCSA) as ingredients in food and pharmaceutical products requires the assessment of the possible toxicity of these products. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of biodegradable film from cassava starch acetate after oral exposure of Wistar rats for 90 days. The amount of food consumed and the body weight were weekly monitored. Blood and urine samples were obtained for the assessment of serum parameters and renal function. Histopathological analyses in target organs were also performed. No evidence of clinical toxicity in hematological, biochemical, or renal parameters in the FCSA-treated animals was found. In addition, relative organ weight and histopathological evaluations did not differ between groups treated with FCSA and control. Data obtained suggest that the subchronic exposure to FCSA does not cause obvious signs of toxicity in Wistar rats, indicating possible safety of this biofilm.

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Cardiovascular protective effects of Casearia sylvestris Swartz in Swiss and C57BL/6 LDLr-null mice undergoing high fat diet

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

NAFLD and Atherosclerosis Are Prevented by a Natural Dietary Supplement Containing Curcumin, Silymarin, Guggul, Chlorogenic Acid and Inulin in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

NAFLD and Atherosclerosis Are Prevented by a Natural Dietary Supplement Containing Curcumin, Silymarin, Guggul, Chlorogenic Acid and Inulin in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Renoprotective Effects ofVitex megapotamica(Spreng.) Moldenke in C57BL/6 LDLr-Null Mice Undergoing High Fat Diet

Ninety-Day Oral Toxicity Assessment of an Alternative Biopolymer for Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Cassava Starch Acetate

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