Ninety-Day Oral Toxicity Assessment of an Alternative Biopolymer for Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Cassava Starch Acetate

Jesus, Douglas Rossi; Barbosa, Lorena Neris; Prando, Thiago Bruno Lima; Martins, Leonardo Franco; Gasparotto, Francielli; Guedes, Karla Moraes Rocha; Dragunski, Douglas Cardoso; Lourenço, Emerson Luiz Botelho; Dalsenter, Paulo Roberto; Gasparotto, Arquimedes

doi:10.1155/2015/390416

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In a research investigation, 90 days acute oral toxicity assessments of biodegradable lm from acetate cassava starch were investigated in Wister rats (dose range 3, 30, and 300 mg/kg body weight) and results revealed that cassava starch acetate (300 mg/kg body weight) does not cause obvious sign of toxicity as well as relative organ weight and histopathological evaluations did not show much difference in comparison to control group (water), which further indicates the safety of this acetate cassava starch based bio lms. However, further studies in this area are very essential for the exploration of suitable safety e cacy of modi ed cassava starch [192].…”

Section: Subchronic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cassava Starch in the Design of Drug Delivery Platforms: From Roots to Polymers

Das

Bhattacharya²,

Jamatia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Starch has cropped up as a new attractive biopolymer for use in pharmaceutical applications, owing to its distinctive physical, chemical and functional properties. This biopolymer has a number of potential advantages like being biocompatible, low cost, easily isolated from plant sources and non-toxic in nature. In the field of pharmaceutical science, starch is used as a raw material for the development of various drug delivery platforms. Generally, cassava starch (tapioca) is obtained from swollen roots of the perennial shrub Manihot esculenta and it contains a low amount of amylose in contrast to other varieties of starches. Because of this reason, cassava starch exhibits various prime benefits including little gelatinization temperature, higher swelling power and produces relatively high viscosity paste, making it preferable as an excipient for pharmaceutical applications. However, cassava starches in their native form are offensive for many applications due to their inefficiency to withstand various processing requirements like high temperature and diverse pH, but their use is enhanced by starch modification. These functional starches have demonstrated outstanding potential as primary excipients in a number of pharmaceutical formulations. In this article, we discuss the potential application of cassava starches in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields along with the toxicity assessment of modified cassava starches.

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Section: Subchronic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cassava Starch in the Design of Drug Delivery Platforms: From Roots to Polymers

Das

Bhattacharya²,

Jamatia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The toxicity study reveals that no acute adverse reactions like convulsions, salivation, lethargy, diarrhea in the albino mice during the entire observation period. Therefore, it was assumed that thiolated starch was easily digested by the animals by avoiding any kind of toxic effects [58].…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Thiolated Jackfruit Seed Starch as a Colonic Drug Delivery Carrier

Das

2019

Int J App Pharm

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Objective: Site-specific drug delivery into the colonic region is extremely fascinating for local treatment of various colonic diseases like ulcerative colitis, colon cancer but it should be capable of saving the drug from hydrolysis and degradation. The present study reports the application of jackfruit seed starch and its thiol derivative as a drug delivery carrier for the colon. Methods: The starch was extracted from the jackfruit seeds by water extraction method and modified by the esterification reaction with thioglycolic acid. The thiolated starch was characterized for morphology, functional and flow properties. The safety profile of the thiolated starch was confirmed by acute toxicity study in a mice model as per OECD guidelines 423. The microspheres based on thiolated starch were prepared by ionic gelation method incorporating Ibuprofen as a model drug. The prepared microspheres were characterized for particle size, drug entrapment efficiency, drug loading, compatibility study, surface morphology, in vitro drug release and release kinetics. Results: The result attributed that starch was successfully modified by the thiolation with a degree of substitution of 3.30. The size of prepared microspheres ranges from 825.5±4.58 to 857±6.24 µm, the entrapment efficiencies ranges from 69.23±1.19 to 76.15±0.83 % and the drug loading capacity ranges from 17.75±0.30 to 46.05±0.49 %. The FT-IR, DSC and XRD studies confirmed that there is no interaction within drug and excipients. The thiolated starch microspheres show the maximum release of drug at pH 7.4 in the presence of rat caecal content as compared to pH 1.2 and pH 6.8 for up to 24 h and are following first order release kinetics. Conclusion: These results suggest the application of thiolated jackfruit seed starch could be promising as a long-term drug delivery carrier for the colon.

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“…Its abundant, cheap, nontoxic, and renewable potential as a substitute for non-biodegradable synthetic polymers. 11–14 However, starch shows low mechanical properties and high hygroscopicity, which can be improved by developing multiphase systems, such as the biocomposites. 15,16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial dressing of silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/cassava starch-based (bio)nanocomposites

et al. 2021

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(Bio)nanocomposites have been studied for biomedical applications, including the treatment of wounds. However, wound infection is one of the main problems of wound care management, and the use of wound dressings with antibacterial agents is essential. This work focused on developing and characterizing silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/cassava starch-based (bio)nanocomposites potentially suitable as antimicrobial dressing. Silver sulfadiazine was complexed inside the halloysite nanotubes lumen, and the drug-loaded nanotubes were incorporated in thermoplastic starch dispersion, forming the (bio)nanocomposites. The silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite and the (bio)nanocomposite were characterized by zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The dressing properties of (bio)nanocomposites (water vapor permeability and mechanical stability) and their antimicrobial efficacy by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were also evaluated. Physicochemical studies suggested the silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite complexation (zeta potential of −38.9 mV) and its interactions with the starch forming the nanocomposites. The silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/starch-based (bio)nanocomposites possessed a homogeneous and organized structure. Also, they had mechanical properties to be used as a dressing (13.73 ± 3.09 MPa and 3.17 ± 1.28% of elongation at break), and its permeability (6.18 ± 0.43 (10−13) g.Pa−1.s−1.m−1) could be able to maintain the environmental moisture at the wound surface. Besides that, the (bio)nanocomposites acted against the studied bacteria, being a potential contact antimicrobial and biodegradable wound dressing. Finally, the developed (bio)nanocomposites are semi-occlusive and good candidates for dry wounds to be widely in vitro and in vivo tested as controlled silver sulfadiazine delivery dressing.

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Ninety-Day Oral Toxicity Assessment of an Alternative Biopolymer for Controlled Release Drug Delivery Systems Obtained from Cassava Starch Acetate

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Efficacy of Cassava Starch in the Design of Drug Delivery Platforms: From Roots to Polymers

Efficacy of Cassava Starch in the Design of Drug Delivery Platforms: From Roots to Polymers

Synthesis and Characterization of Thiolated Jackfruit Seed Starch as a Colonic Drug Delivery Carrier

Antimicrobial dressing of silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/cassava starch-based (bio)nanocomposites

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