Cardiovascular disease in athletes

Morphological and Functional Features of Circulatory System in Retired and Active Elite Athletes

“…В литературе все чаще появляются отдельные сообщения о развитии стенокардии напряжения, инфаркта миокарда у спортсменов и ветеранов спорта, однако достоверных статистических данных о частоте возникновения ИБС у ветеранов спорта нет [11,47,48]. Для точной диагностики имеющейся патологии важно учитывать особенности строения сердечной мышцы, измененной в результате длительной систематической физической нагрузки [49,50].…”

Have National Collegiate Athletic Association institutions increased the number of American Heart Association recommendations for cardiac screening?

“…Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is estimated to occur in approximately 0.1 percent to 3 percent of the general population, and is a form of ventricular pre-excitation involving an accessory conduction pathway. 4,5,34,61,72 The definition of WPW relies on the following electrocardiographic features: 1) a PR interval less than 0.12 seconds; 2) with a slurring of the initial segment of the QRS complex, known as a delta wave; 3) a QRS complex widening with a total duration greater than 0.12 seconds; and 4) secondary repolarization changes reflected in ST segment-T wave changes that are generally directed opposite to the major delta wave and QRS complex changes. The accessory pathway bypasses that atrioventricular node, creating a direct electrical connection between the atria and ventricles.…”

“…The accessory pathway bypasses that atrioventricular node, creating a direct electrical connection between the atria and ventricles. 4,5,34,61,72 Athletes with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome may have symptoms that include palpitations, syncope, and lightheadedness. When symptoms do occur they are usually secondary to tacharrhythmias; the importance of recognizing this syndrome is that these athletes may be at risk to develop a variety of supraventricular tacharrhythmias which cause disabling symptoms and even sudden cardiac death.…”

“…When symptoms do occur they are usually secondary to tacharrhythmias; the importance of recognizing this syndrome is that these athletes may be at risk to develop a variety of supraventricular tacharrhythmias which cause disabling symptoms and even sudden cardiac death. 4,5,34,61,72 The tachyarrhthmias encountered include paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and ventricular fibrillation. 4,5,34,61,72 Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can almost always be cured with minimal risk of complications by catheter ablation, whereby the accessory pathway is cauterized by a catheter introduced via a blood vessel.…”

“…All athletes who have symptoms and an accessory pathway should be referred for consideration of catheter ablation. 4,5,34,61,72 Brugada syndrome: Brugada syndrome is characterized by ST-segment elevation in right precordial leads that is unrelated to ischemia, electrolyte disturbances, or obvious structural heart disease. 28,56,69,73 Brugada syndrome is a familial disease that displays an autosomal dominant mode of transmission, with incomplete penetrance and an incidence ranging between 5 and 66 per 10,000.…”