Cardiovascular Agents

Abstract

The six primary classes of cardiovascular drugs, ie, antiarrhythmic agents, antianginal agents, agents used in the treatment of congestive heart failure, antiatherosclerotic agents, antihypertensive agents, and thrombolytic agents, are reviewed. An overview of the physiology of the cardiovascular system is presented for each class together with the pathology of the system leading to specific cardiovascular disorders. The mechanism(s) of action of the cardiovascular agents are discussed when known, and the principal actions of the cardiovascular agents that contribute to amelioration of the underlying pathology of the cardiovascular disease are reviewed. Side effects and toxicities of the cardiovascular agents are also presented. Drugs clinically in use and some of those drugs under development are discussed. A brief review of the current and projected sales of ethical pharmaceuticals is presented in relation to the sales of cardiovascular agents which is the fastest growing segment of the ethical pharmaceutical market.

A Scaleable Route to the Pure Enantiomers of Verapamil

“…Verapamil ( 1 ) has a well-established place in the treatment of cardiovascular ailments . The compound is usually administered as its hydrochloride salt.…”