Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Correlate of Cardiovascular, Anthropometric, and Physical Risk Factors: Using the Ruffier Test as a Template

Alahmari, Khalid A.; Rengaramanujam, Kanagaraj; Samuel, Paul Silvian; Kakaraparthi, Venkata Nagaraj; Ahmad, Irshad; Tedla, Jaya Shanker

doi:10.1155/2020/3407345

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The anthropometric parameters were measured using standard techniques: body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the Quetelet formula [ 9 ], Pignet's body-built index [ 10 ], and vital capacity index [ 11 ]. Respiratory rate, measured as the number of breaths per minute, and the functional capabilities of the cardiorespiratory system were assessed using the Ruffier and Ruffier-Dickson tests [ 12 ], along with the Shtange test (breath-holding at inhalation) and the Genchi test (breath-holding at exhalation) [ 13 ]. To evaluate patients' exercise tolerance and the functional class (FC) of circulatory insufficiency, the six-minute walk test [ 14 ] and the Harvard step test were employed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of physical therapy in patients with stage III COPD during ambulatory rehabilitation

Kuz,

Maliuvanchuk,

Herych

et al. 2023

JMedLife

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This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a combined physical therapy and pharmacological treatment for patients recovering from stage III COPD exacerbation. The efficacy of the rehabilitation program was assessed using anthropological parameters, physical condition, respiratory system function, and functional endurance capacity. Data were collected from 39 patients with stage III COPD who underwent the rehabilitation program. Physical and anthropometric assessments were conducted using the Quetelet Body Mass Index, the Pignet Index, and the Vital Capacity Index (VCI). The functional capacities of the cardiorespiratory system were measured before and after the rehabilitation program using the Ruffier and Ruffier-Dickson tests and the hypoxic Shtange and Genchi tests. Exercise tolerance was evaluated using the Harvard Step Test and the Six-Minute Walk Distance Test (6MWD). Statistical analysis was conducted using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test for independent and dependent groups. Participants were randomly divided into two groups for rehabilitation: Group I received standard therapy and a routine physical therapy program, while Group II was given standard therapy along with a modified physical therapy regimen. There was a slight improvement in patient condition during the rehabilitation period for both groups. However, there was a low compliance rate for smoking cessation among the majority of patients, with some reducing their daily cigarette intake. Further long-time research is required to determine the efficacy of the proposed physical therapy program in combination with basic pharmacological therapy. The study suggests incorporating psychotherapeutic sessions and occupational therapy into future rehabilitation programs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of physical therapy in patients with stage III COPD during ambulatory rehabilitation

Kuz,

Maliuvanchuk,

Herych

et al. 2023

JMedLife

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“…The functional state was estimated by using Robinson's index [39,40], which indicates myocardial coronary reserve, vital capacity index (VCI), which reflects respiratory system reserves and strength indexes (SI). The Ruffier Test was carried out to measure the aerobic resistance to short-term effort and the cardiac recovery capacity, and therefore the level of physical fitness in students [41,42]. Maximum hand grip strength was measured using a digital Takei Hand Grip Dynamometer (range 5-100 kg, precision of 100 g), through two attempts per every hand.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The functional state of students depending on the ethno-territorial factor

Ivanyshyn

Vypasniak

Єрмаков

et al. 2022

PES

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Background and Study Aim. Integration processes in education provide for increased mobility of students from different countries. The related change in environmental parameters, cultural and social standards require additional tension in the work of regulatory mechanisms. This can lead to exhaustion of the body's reserve capabilities, disruption of adaptation and loss of health. The purpose of the work is to investigate the ethno-territorial variability of the functional state and adaptation potential of foreign students studying at Ukrainian universities. Material and Methods. Students of the medical university (n = 488, age 18–25) who came to study in Ukraine from different countries took part in the study. Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys from 2014 to 2019. Anthropometric measures included body length (LT), body mass (MT). Functional status was assessed by Robinson, Rufier, vital capacity and strength indices. Adaptation capabilities and the level of physical condition of students were also determined. Experimental data were processed using the SPSS program. Results. It was established that the vast majority of students had Robinson index values: low and below average (students from Poland, Bulgaria, Jordan, Egypt); below average level (students from Ukraine, Malaysia and Tunisia); medium (students from India and China). Students from Poland, Jordan and Egypt are characterized by the lowest vital capacity index (52.7 – 54.9 ml·kg-1). Among the residents of India and China there were the most students with above average and high levels of vital capacity index. Most of the students (with the exception of students from Malaysia and Egypt) had a power index at the level of average and above average. The Ruffier index for students was: weak level – students from Poland, Bulgaria, Egypt and Jordan; satisfactory level – students of Tunisia, Ukraine, India and Malaysia; moderate level – students from China. The majority (40–44%) of the examined contingent from Poland, Bulgaria and Jordan was in a pre-diagnostic state. There were14–27% of such students among students from Egypt, China, India and Tunisia. There were about 10% of such students among Ukrainian students. From 6% to 11% of all foreign students were in a pre-morbid state. This condition is characterized by a decrease in the functional reserves of the circulatory system. Among Ukrainian students, there were 2.04% of such students. From 2.44% to 7.69% of foreign students had asthenization of regulatory systems; such a state was not observed among Ukrainian students. Conclusions. The obtained results of the study expand the data on the peculiarities of the physiological state of students of foreign countries and their adaptation capabilities. It is important that students with strained adaptation mechanisms or an unsatisfactory level of adaptation are able to reveal high functional capabilities with individualized physical exercises. An unsatisfactory state of functional systems can stimulate students to increase the body's adaptive resources. This contributes to increasing the level of motor activity and improving physical education courses with training according to an individualized educational program.

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“…Between these methods to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness with no equipment, there is also a squat test named the Ruffier test. Different studies assessed its validity in the prediction of VO 2 max [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. The subject has to perform 30 squats in 45 s, following a metronome set at 80 bpm and measuring the heart rate (HR) at the end of the test and one minute after the end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Isoinertial-Based Ruffier Test in Healthy Individuals: A Feasibility Study

Trovato

Roggio

Petrigna

et al. 2023

JFMK

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Cardiorespiratory fitness is an essential indicator in sports science and sports medicine that can be assessed with several tests. The Ruffier test is a submaximal test valid to estimate maximum oxygen uptake; it consists of 30 squats in 45 s, which may be challenging for inexperienced individuals. This study aims to verify the feasibility of a modified inertial-based version of the Ruffier test to assess cardiorespiratory fitness with 10 squats in 15 s. Both classic and isoinertial Ruffier tests were administered to thirty-five healthy young adults (20 men and 15 women), age 22.06 ± 2.13 years, BMI 23.87 ± 2.74. The two one-sided test confirmed the comparability of the isoinertial Ruffier test with its classic version within equivalence bounds of ±3.726. Furthermore, gender, age, body weight, the difference between peak heart rate after isoinertial squatting and resting heart rate, and the isoinertial Ruffier index are the coefficients of our best VO2max prediction model with an adjusted R2 of 0.937, sensitivity of 0.89, and specificity of 0.81. The study evidenced the feasibility of the isoinertial Ruffier test to measure cardiorespiratory fitness through a quick, safe, and short squat test easy to perform in fitness centers and primary care clinics.

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Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Correlate of Cardiovascular, Anthropometric, and Physical Risk Factors: Using the Ruffier Test as a Template

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Efficacy and safety of physical therapy in patients with stage III COPD during ambulatory rehabilitation

Efficacy and safety of physical therapy in patients with stage III COPD during ambulatory rehabilitation

The functional state of students depending on the ethno-territorial factor

Modified Isoinertial-Based Ruffier Test in Healthy Individuals: A Feasibility Study

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