Cardiorespiratory effects of rapid saline infusion in normal man

Muir, A L; Flenley, D. C.; Kirby, B. J.; Sudlow, M. F.; Guyatt, A. R.; Brash, H. M.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1975.38.5.786

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Rapid intravenous infusion of an isosmotic solution, such as saline 0.9%, is expected to be followed by fluid leakage from both pulmonary and bronchial vessels (7,10,13,16,22,(30)(31)(32)(33). The ensuing events include filling of the spaces around the alveoli and the complex vascular network accompanying the airways (29), likely promoted by negative interstitial pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental evidence in animals demonstrates that airway wall edema resulting from vascular engorgement increases peripheral airway resistance (13,30) and potentiates the response to chemical constrictor agents (4,30). In humans, the few studies in which rapid intravenous saline infusion was used with the intent to render the airway wall edematous and thick have documented mild airflow obstruction (10), air trapping (7,22), and a leftward shift of the doseresponse curve to methacholine (27). No systematic changes in elastic recoil of the lung were reported (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In humans, the few studies in which rapid intravenous saline infusion was used with the intent to render the airway wall edematous and thick have documented mild airflow obstruction (10), air trapping (7,22), and a leftward shift of the doseresponse curve to methacholine (27). No systematic changes in elastic recoil of the lung were reported (22). What remains elusive from these studies is how saline infusion promotes bronchoconstriction in vivo.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

Pellegrino¹,

Dellacà²,

Macklem³

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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. Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans. J Appl Physiol 95: 728-734, 2003. First published May 2, 2003 10.1152/japplphysiol.00310.2003.-Lung mechanics and airway responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) were studied in seven volunteers before and after a 20-min intravenous infusion of saline. Data were compared with those of a time point-matched control study. The following parameters were measured: 1-s forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, flows at 40% of control forced vital capacity on maximal (V m40) and partial (V p40) forced expiratory maneuvers, lung volumes, lung elastic recoil, lung resistance (RL), dynamic elastance (Edyn), and within-breath resistance of respiratory system (Rrs). RL and Edyn were measured during tidal breathing before and for 2 min after a deep inhalation and also at different lung volumes above and below functional residual capacity. Rrs was measured at functional residual capacity and at total lung capacity. Before MCh, saline infusion caused significant decrements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s, V m40, and V p40, but insignificantly affected lung volumes, elastic recoil, RL, Edyn, and Rrs at any lung volume. Furthermore, saline infusion was associated with an increased response to MCh, which was not associated with significant changes in the ratio of V m40 to V p40. In conclusion, mild airflow obstruction and enhanced airway responsiveness were observed after saline, but this was not apparently due to altered elastic properties of the lung or inability of the airways to dilate with deep inhalation. It is speculated that it was likely the result of airway wall edema encroaching on the bronchial lumen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

Pellegrino¹,

Dellacà²,

Macklem³

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…25 Conversely, infusion of 10 ml/kg of saline into 10 patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40% resulted in a fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced expiratory ratio (FER) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). 26 The same study also demonstrated lower baseline FEV1, FVC and DLCO in these subjects compared with a control group.…”

Section: Effects Of Hf On Respiratory Function Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Failure and the Lung

Kee

Naughton

2010

Circ J

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Heart failure (HF) is a highly prevalent disease that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. There is increasing evidence that the symptoms of HF are exacerbated by its deleterious effects on lung function. HF appears to cause airway obstruction acutely and leads to impaired gas diffusing capacity and pulmonary hypertension in the longer term. It is postulated that this is the result of recurrent episodes of elevated pulmonary capillary pressure leading to pulmonary oedema and pulmonary capillary stress fracture, which produces lung fibrosis. It is likely that impaired lung function impairs the functional status of HF patients and makes them more prone to central sleep apnoea. (Circ J 2010; 74: 2507 - 2516

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“…Checking the respiratory rate in T 1 and T 2 the group corresponding to infusion of 0.5 fold BV did not presented significant change relative to the control besides that also showed a smaller difference between the times. This may be due to the increase of pulmonary blood and oxygenation improvement as another study suggests 8 . There was a significant difference only in 3 fold BV group, where all animals died, which means that all of them presented T 2 equal to zero.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Animal model of rapid crystalloid infusion in rats

et al. 2013

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PURPOSE:To describe an animal model of rapid intravenous infusion with different volumes of crystalloid and discuss the clinical findings. METHODS:Fifty six male Wistar rats were used, divided randomly in seven groups (n = 8). The rats of groups 1 to 6 received lactated Ringer´s solution intravenously, in the rate of 25 ml/min, with different volumes proportional to blood volume (BV). The rats of group 0 were submitted to the same procedure, but did not receive the fluid (control group). The data included respiratory rate, heart rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO 2 ) in two times (before and after the infusion), and upshots (respiratory arrest and death). Dunnett´s test and ANOVA were used. RESULTS:The clinical signs significantly changed in the 2, 2.5 and 3 fold BV groups. The respiratory arrest was observed in the 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 fold BV groups, but death was present only in 2.5 and 3 fold BV groups. CONCLUSIONS:The infusion of crystalloid in the same volume of blood volume did not cause significant variation in respiratory and heart rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen and did not induce respiratory arrest. The infusion of a volume of 3 fold blood volume was lethal to all animals.

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Cardiorespiratory effects of rapid saline infusion in normal man

Cited by 54 publications

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Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

Effects of rapid saline infusion on lung mechanics and airway responsiveness in humans

Heart Failure and the Lung

Animal model of rapid crystalloid infusion in rats

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