Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the rat

Planta, Irene von; Weil, Max Harry; Planta, Martin von; Bisera, Joe; Bruno, Sally J.; Gazmuri, Raúl J.; Rackow, Eric C.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1988.65.6.2641

Cited by 127 publications

(81 citation statements)

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“…The most difficult skill to learn is the chest compressions themselves as it is difficult to deliver compressions at the needed rate without increasing pressure to injurious levels. Mechanical resuscitators have been devised and used in our lab and others 16 but to date no mechanical resuscitator for the mouse has produced acceptable survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Hutchens

Traystman

Fujiyoshi

et al. 2011

JoVE

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common, highly lethal, complication of critical illness which has a high mortality [1][2][3][4] and which is most frequently caused by whole-body hypoperfusion. 5,6 Successful reproduction of whole-body hypoperfusion in rodent models has been fraught with difficulty. 7-9,9,10 Models which employ focal ischemia have repeatedly demonstrated results which do not translate to the clinical setting, and larger animal models which allow for whole body hypoperfusion lack access to the full toolset of genetic manipulation possible in the mouse. 11,12 However, in recent years a mouse model of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation has emerged which can be adapted to model AKI. 13 This model reliably reproduces physiologic, functional, anatomic, and histologic outcomes seen in clinical AKI, is rapidly repeatable, and offers all of the significant advantages of a murine surgical model, including access to genetic manipulative techniques, low cost relative to large animals, and ease of use. Our group has developed extensive experience with use of this model to assess a number of organ-specific outcomes in AKI. 14,15 Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at http://www.jove.com/details.php?id=3116 ProtocolAll procedures described are conducted in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the care and use of animals in research and all animal protocols were approved by the Oregon Health & Science University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Weigh the mouse. The procedure described is performed on C57BL/6 mice weighing between 20 and 25 g. Anesthesia is induced in an induction box using 3-4% isoflurane, and subsequently maintained using 1.5-2.5% isoflurane in air/oxygen mixture. 2. Lubricate the eyes and position the animal supine on a heating pad. Immobilize 4 extremities using tape. The hind-paws may be taped in a neutral position, however, the forepaws should be secured as near to the chest wall as possible to allow full chest wall excursion during chest compressions. 3. Lubricate and place a rectal temperature probe. Temperature is controlled using a heating pad and lamp connected to an electronic temperature controller (Digi-Sense, Cole Parmer, Vernon Hills IL), which is set to maintain 37.0°C. Because it is possible that a temperature gradient within the animal could develop during the no-flow state, it is important that temperature be measured and controlled near the organ of interest. 4. Intubate the trachea using a 2.5 cm 22 ga teflon catheter (Insyte-W, BD, Franklin NJ) and the cut distal end of an angled introducer (Frova Introducer, Cook Medical, Bloomington IN). Other methods of tracheal intubation are acceptable, however, use of the angled introducer allows proper positioning of the neck in a slightly extended position, which optimizes surgical exposure for placement of the intravenous catheter. The endotracheal catheter hub is secured with a loop of suture to the incisor and maintained with slight tension to im...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many alternatives models for whole-body ischemia reperfusion injury exist. For example, CA/CPR has been described in dogs, 20 rabbits, 21 lambs, 22 pigs, 23 rats, 16 and arctic ground squirrels. 24…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Hutchens

Traystman

Fujiyoshi

et al. 2011

JoVE

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“…(von Planta et al 1988). Συγκριτική μελέτη των αποτελεσμάτων της δράσης της επινεφρινης και της βαζοπρεσινης (αγγειοπιεσινης) στο είδος αυτό σε πειραματική κοιλιακή μαρμαρυγή Οι ερευνητικές μελέτες διακρίνονται σε in vitro και in vivo.…”

Section: τρωκτικα και λαγομορφαunclassified

Swine as an animal model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Lelovas

Marinou

Xanthos

et al. 2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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This paper reviews the advantages of swine in relation to other animal models of cardiopulmonary resuscitation referred to in the literature. The causes of cardiac arrest and the difficulties raised during research in humans are presented. All animal models used in this particular field are discussed and a detailed review is performed regarding the major anatomical and physiological similarities between swine and man, as well as the experimental studies published in the international literature.

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“…The need to maintain the current to induce VF is not ideal and raises concerns of potential injury to the myocardium. Indeed minor thermal injury at the site of current delivery was recognized in the original study, and noted that it could be minimized by reducing the current to the minimum requirement during the 3 min interval needed to induced self-sustained VF 4 . In addition, the electrical current unintendedly triggers skeletal muscle contraction, which could contribute to lactic acid production.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rat model of closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) described here has played an important role. The model was developed in 1988 by Irene von Planta -a research fellow at the time -and her collaborators 4 The model simulates an episode of sudden cardiac arrest with resuscitation attempted by conventional CPR techniques and thus includes induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) by delivering an electrical current to the right ventricular endocardium and provision of closed chest CPR by a pneumatically driven piston device while concomitantly delivering positive pressure ventilation with oxygen-enriched gas. Termination of VF is accomplished by transthoracic delivery of electrical shocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique

Lamoureux

Radhakrishnan

Gazmuri

2015

JoVE

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Citation: Lamoureux, L., Radhakrishnan, J., Gazmuri, R.J. A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique. J. Vis. Exp. (98), e52413, doi:10.3791/52413 (2015). AbstractA rat model of electrically-induced ventricular fibrillation followed by cardiac resuscitation using a closed chest technique that incorporates the basic components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans is herein described. The model was developed in 1988 and has been used in approximately 70 peer-reviewed publications examining a myriad of resuscitation aspects including its physiology and pathophysiology, determinants of resuscitability, pharmacologic interventions, and even the effects of cell therapies. The model featured in this presentation includes: (1) vascular catheterization to measure aortic and right atrial pressures, to measure cardiac output by thermodilution, and to electrically induce ventricular fibrillation; and (2) tracheal intubation for positive pressure ventilation with oxygen enriched gas and assessment of the endtidal CO 2 . A typical sequence of intervention entails: (1) electrical induction of ventricular fibrillation, (2) chest compression using a mechanical piston device concomitantly with positive pressure ventilation delivering oxygen-enriched gas, (3) electrical shocks to terminate ventricular fibrillation and reestablish cardiac activity, (4) assessment of post-resuscitation hemodynamic and metabolic function, and (5) assessment of survival and recovery of organ function. A robust inventory of measurements is available that includes -but is not limited to -hemodynamic, metabolic, and tissue measurements. The model has been highly effective in developing new resuscitation concepts and examining novel therapeutic interventions before their testing in larger and translationally more relevant animal models of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the rat

Cited by 127 publications

References 0 publications

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Normothermic Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Mouse Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Swine as an animal model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique

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