A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique

Abstract

Citation: Lamoureux, L., Radhakrishnan, J., Gazmuri, R.J. A Rat Model of Ventricular Fibrillation and Resuscitation by Conventional Closed-chest Technique. J. Vis. Exp. (98), e52413, doi:10.3791/52413 (2015). AbstractA rat model of electrically-induced ventricular fibrillation followed by cardiac resuscitation using a closed chest technique that incorporates the basic components of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in humans is herein described. The model was developed in 1988 and has been used in approximately 70 peer-reviewed publications examining a myriad of resuscitation aspects including its physiology and pathophysiology, determinants of resuscitability, pharmacologic interventions, and even the effects of cell therapies. The model featured in this presentation includes: (1) vascular catheterization to measure aortic and right atrial pressures, to measure cardiac output by thermodilution, and to electrically induce ventricular fibrillation; and (2) tracheal intubation for positive pressure ventilation with oxygen enriched gas and assessment of the endtidal CO 2 . A typical sequence of intervention entails: (1) electrical induction of ventricular fibrillation, (2) chest compression using a mechanical piston device concomitantly with positive pressure ventilation delivering oxygen-enriched gas, (3) electrical shocks to terminate ventricular fibrillation and reestablish cardiac activity, (4) assessment of post-resuscitation hemodynamic and metabolic function, and (5) assessment of survival and recovery of organ function. A robust inventory of measurements is available that includes -but is not limited to -hemodynamic, metabolic, and tissue measurements. The model has been highly effective in developing new resuscitation concepts and examining novel therapeutic interventions before their testing in larger and translationally more relevant animal models of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

Potential Effects of Poloxamer 188 on Rat Isolated Brain Mitochondria after Oxidative Stress In Vivo and In Vitro

“…Supplementary doses with 10 mg×kg −1 were given if needed until the animal was nonreactive to pain stimuli. Following a protocol modified from Lamoreux et al [ 21 ], the animals were intubated; vascular access was achieved via cannulation of the tail vein and surgical cutdown of femoral vein and artery. Electrocardiogram (ECG) via subcutaneous ECG needles, rectal temperature, arterial blood pressure, and venous waveforms were recorded using Powerlab and LabChart (AD Instruments, Colorado Springs, CO, USA).…”

Resistance to ventricular fibrillation predicted by the QRS/QTc - ratio in an intact rat model of hypothermia/rewarming

“…In the present study, we show that rats are largely resistant to ventricular arrhythmias induced by hypothermia. Still, rats are vulnerable to pacing-induced arrhythmias and several studies of normothermic cardiopulmonary resuscitation are carried out in well-established rat models of VF [22,23].…”

Efeito do azul de metileno como adjuvante no desfecho da parada cardíaca: estudo experimental em ratos

“…Neste estudo utilizou-se como base os dados de Lamoureux et al (2015), com PAM > 25 mmHg para definir RCE, compatível com outros estudos já citados. (90) . Em alguns casos a PAM inicial nos intervalos da RCP foi superior a este nível, porém com queda rápida, sendo reiniciada a RCP.…”

“…Foi considerado, com base nestes dados, que a padronização do grupo de estudo teria importância na validade interna do estudo (11,34,(88)(89)(90)93,122) . O primeiro ponto de definição foi a forma para indução de PCR.…”

“…A análise com outros estudos torna-se difícil pois a maioria dos estudos avaliaram o benefício do AM no cérebro em modelos de isquemia e reperfusão diferentes da PCR, e não foi encontrado estudo em que foram realizadas todas as amostras realizadas neste. Outro fato de interesse é que apesar de o protocolo do estudo permitir até 3 doses, os ratos que apresentaram sobrevida receberam 1 ou 2 doses somente (uma dose -dois casos / duas doses -três casos), não sendo assim tão diferente do encontrado em outros estudos (11,69,(88)(89)(90) .…”