Cardioprotective Effect of Ajwa Date Aqueous Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rats

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents to treat several malignancies. However, the clinical use of DOX is seriously restricted due to its acute and chronic cardiotoxic side effects This study investigated the protective effect of (Ajwa) date aqueous extract (AJDAE) against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Sixty Wister albino male rats (150-200 gms.) were comprised in our study and divided into six equal groups: group I (untreated control), group II, group III, rats were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively, for 4 weeks, rats of groups IV, V and VI were intraperitoneally injected with one dose of doxorubicin (5 mg/kg.bw) at the end of the 4th week of the study to induce cardiotoxicity, rats of groups V & VI were orally received AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) respectively. Cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, SOD, GR, GST, GPx, CAT and MDA in rats’ hearts homogenate, urinary 8OHdG as well as DNA integrity and histopathological changes were investigated in all studied rats.Oral administration of AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) attenuated the cardiotoxicity of DOX, improved the cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, reduced the urinary 8OHdG and prohibited the depletion of endogenous antioxidants and suppressed lipid peroxidation (MDA). Moreover, AJDAE enhanced DNA integrity. Histological findings showed that AJDAE (0.75 & 1.5 gm/ kg.bw) administration reduced cardiomyocytes alterations, congestion, edema and the intense cellular stress exerted on myocardial fibers as well as restored the cardiomyocytes architecture. Our data showed that AJDAE obviously resulted in protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rat’s heart. It can be concluded that Ajwa date offers a considerable protection against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

Therapeutic Potential of Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) Extract in Prevention of Benzo(a)pyrene-Induced Lung Injury through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cell Signalling Molecules

“…This result was in agreement with previous reports, as B(a)P caused lung injury, necrosis, alteration in epithelium lung architecture [47], and lung epithelium thickening as well as a mass infiltration of inflammatory cells [48]. The current finding is consistent with the earlier findings that reported that ADE showed a role in the histoarchitecture maintenance [49] and ADE treatment reduced edema, necrosis, and inflammatory cells infiltration and reestablished the cardiomyocytes architecture [50].…”

Can Dietary Nutrients Prevent Cancer Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity? An Evidence Mapping of Human Studies and Animal Models

“…The covered dietary nutrients contained polyphenols ( n = 29) ( 38 – 66 ), allicin ( n = 3) ( 67 – 69 ), lycopene ( n = 2) ( 70 , 71 ), PUFA ( n = 5) ( 72 – 76 ), amino acids ( n = 4) ( 77 – 80 ), CoQ10 ( n = 5) ( 81 – 85 ), trace elements ( n = 3) ( 86 – 88 ), and others ( n = 2) ( 89 , 90 ). 79.24% of the included studies were investigated in Asia and Africa and most studies commonly used allicin from garlic ( 67 – 69 ) and polyphenols from local fruit such as grape ( 38 – 43 ), date palm ( 55 , 56 ), cranberry ( 58 ), cardamom ( 59 ), pomegranate ( 60 ) and hawthorn ( 61 ) as the nutritional interventions. However, American and European studies tended to use amino acid like glycine and glutamine which were rich in animal food or special supplements ( 77 – 80 ).…”

“…In animal studies of our review, polyphenols were defined as a broad class of compounds with multiple phenolic hydroxyls (PhOH) and were reported in 29 studies ( 38 – 66 ). These covered proanthocyanidin ( n = 6, all derived from grape seed extract) ( 38 – 43 ), anthocyanin ( n = 1, derived from purple corn) ( 44 ), resveratrol ( n = 2) ( 45 , 46 ), curcumin ( n = 5) ( 47 – 51 ), catechins ( n = 3, derived from green tea and black tea) ( 52 – 54 ), and mixed phenolic compounds extracted from local products [ n = 12, derived from date ( 55 , 56 ), orange ( 57 ), cranberry ( 58 ), cardamom ( 59 ), pomegranate ( 60 ), hawthorn ( 61 ), naringenin ( 62 ), p-coumaric acid ( 63 ), honey ( 64 ), yogurt ( 65 ) and yellow wine ( 66 )]. Three studies demonstrated that supplementation of polyphenols could improve DOX-induced cardiac dysfunctions evaluated by echocardiography ( 45 , 57 , 66 ).…”

“…Oral administration of polyphenols improved the cardiac oxidative changes led by chemotherapy and enhanced the antioxidant enzymatic activities. Histopathological analyses of cardiac tissue captured under the microscope were reported in 16 studies ( 38 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 46 , 48 – 50 , 53 , 56 , 59 – 62 , 65 , 66 ). The incidences of myocardial atrophy, cytoplasmic vacuoles, nuclear pyknosis, and cytoplasmic eosinophilia were significantly higher in heart exposed to DOX, while the polyphenolic substance protected or even restored cardiac disrupted histological structure induced by DOX ( Supplementary Figure 1 ).…”

Ameliorative effect of Sukkari date extract on STZ induced experimentally diabetes in male rats

“…These antioxidant constituents of Sukkari date extract may directly react with reactive oxygen species (ROS)to destroy them by accepting or donating electrons to eliminate the unpaired condition of ROS, or indirectly decrease the cellular free radicals by enhancing the activities and expressions of antioxidant enzymes that lead to prevention of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein modification. aqueous extracts of dates were shown to have potent antioxidant activity, because they inhibit in vitro lipid and protein oxidation and possess free radical scavenging capacity (Vayalil, 2002).Moreover, Sabbah et al(2018) stated that oral administration of Ajwa date aqueous extract (0.75 & 1.5 g/ kgb.wt.) for 4 weeks reduced the urinary 8OHdGlevel, significantly reduced the increased serum levels of MDA and significantly increased the enzymatic activities of SOD in cardiac tissue of the AJDAE protected rats.Additionally, Takaeidi et al(2014) revealed that oral administration of DSE at the doses of (500 and 1000 mg/kg b.…”