Cardiomyopathy in the pediatric patients

Abstract

Pediatric cardiomyopathies are a group of myocardial diseases with complex taxonomies. Cardiomyopathy can occur in children at any age, and it is a common cause of heart failure and heart transplantation in children. The incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy is increasing with time. They may be associated with variable comorbidities, which are most often arrhythmia, heart failure, and sudden death. Medical imaging technologies, including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and nuclear cardiology, are helpful in reaching a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy. Nevertheless, endomyocardial biopsy is the final diagnostic method of diagnosis. Patients warrant surgical operations, such as palliative operations, bridging operations, ventricular septal maneuvers, and heart transplantation, if pharmaceutical therapies are ineffective. Individual therapeutic regimens due to pediatric characteristics, genetic factors, and pathogenesis may improve the effects of treatment and patients' survival.

Pediatric Heart Conditions: What Do Occupational Therapists Need to Know?

“…The decision for life-saving and invasive intervention can transpire swiftly. Management with medication is the first line of defense, but conditions can quickly decline to the need for extracorporeal life support ventricular assist devices (VADs) and listing for heart transplantation (Yuan, 2018).…”

Histopathology in HCM

“…EMB can provide evidence for a non-genetic aetiology of HCM, especially in cardiac phosphorylase kinase deficiency. EMB is also helpful in the evaluation of prognosis and follow up of response to treatment 23 .…”

Intracardiac thrombus formation and thromboembolic events in children with cardiomyopathies: A single‐center case series

“…2 The epidemiology of cardiomyopathy held the interest of many researchers since not enough data was available in the literature before the nineties. 1,3 In one of the most extensive studies that investigated the incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in the United States, the annual incidence was found to be 1.13 cases per 100 000 children. 1 Although the vast majority of cardiomyopathy cases are referred to as idiopathic, certain causes like genetic disorders, post myocarditis, and inborn errors of metabolism are identified in one-third of pediatric patients presenting with cardiomyopathies.…”

“…1 Although the vast majority of cardiomyopathy cases are referred to as idiopathic, certain causes like genetic disorders, post myocarditis, and inborn errors of metabolism are identified in one-third of pediatric patients presenting with cardiomyopathies. 3 Despite the great effort made by the researchers in recent years, the complications related to cardiomyopathy have not been fully investigated in pediatric patients where the focus was almost always on the prognosis of the disease rather than the short-term complications. Generally, the outcome of a patient with cardiomyopathy depends mainly on the underlying cause and the course of the disease.…”

“…The epidemiology of cardiomyopathy held the interest of many researchers since not enough data was available in the literature before the nineties 1,3 . In one of the most extensive studies that investigated the incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in the United States, the annual incidence was found to be 1.13 cases per 100 000 children 1 …”