Histopathology in HCM

Tejado, Beatriz San Millán; Jou, Cristina

doi:10.21542/gcsp.2018.20

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…These lesions generate the following three spectra of myocardial fibrosis: interstitial myocardial fibrosis, perivascular myocardial fibrosis, and replacement myocardial fibrosis [ 11 ]. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the microscopic appearance of the myocardium was characterized by the presence of elongated myocardial fibers with irregular arrangement and varied shapes, along with myocytes exhibiting large, bizarre nuclei, often polygonal in shape, some of which were binucleated and frequently associated with myocardial fibrosis [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome and Viral Nucleocapsid in Various Organs and Systems

Oprinca,

Mohor,

Bereanu

et al. 2024

IJMS

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While considerable attention has been devoted to respiratory manifestations, such as pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), emerging evidence underlines the significance of extrapulmonary involvement. In this study, we examined 15 hospitalized patients who succumbed to severe complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection. These patients were admitted to the Sibiu County Clinical Emergency Hospital in Sibiu, Romania, between March and October 2021. All patients were ethnic Romanians. Conducted within a COVID-19-restricted environment and adhering to national safety protocols, autopsies provided a comprehensive understanding of the disease’s multisystemic impact. Detailed macroscopic evaluations and histopathological analyses of myocardial, renal, hepatic, splenic, and gastrointestinal tissues were performed. Additionally, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt-qPCR) assays and immunohistochemical staining were employed to detect the viral genome and nucleocapsid within the tissues. Myocardial lesions, including ischemic microstructural changes and inflammatory infiltrates, were prevalent, indicative of COVID-19’s cardiac implications, while renal pathology revealed the chronic alterations, acute tubular necrosis, and inflammatory infiltrates most evident. Hepatic examination identified hepatocellular necroinflammatory changes and hepatocytic cytopathy, highlighting the hepatic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Splenic parenchymal disorganization was prominent, indicating systemic immune dysregulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal examinations unveiled nonspecific changes. Molecular analyses detected viral genes in various organs, with immunohistochemical assays confirming viral presence predominantly in macrophages and fibroblasts. These findings highlighted the systemic nature of SARS-CoV-2 infection, emphasizing the need for comprehensive clinical management strategies and targeted therapeutic approaches beyond respiratory systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome and Viral Nucleocapsid in Various Organs and Systems

Oprinca,

Mohor,

Bereanu

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…It usually results from mutations of sarcomeric proteins, the sarcomere being the fundamental contractile unit of the cardiomyocyte [ 1 , 3 ]. Histopathological features include disorganized myocyte architecture, including disarray of myocyte fibres, intertwined hypertrophied myocytes, and focal or widespread interstitial fibrosis [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In Silico Cardiomyocyte Reveals the Impact of Changes in CaMKII Signalling on Cardiomyocyte Contraction Kinetics in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Adeniran,

Wadee,

Degens

2024

BioMed Research International

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterised by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiomyocyte dysfunction that may cause sudden death. HCM is associated with mutations in sarcomeric proteins and is usually transmitted as an autosomal-dominant trait. The aim of this in silico study was to assess the mechanisms that underlie the altered electrophysiological activity, contractility, regulation of energy metabolism, and crossbridge cycling in HCM at the single-cell level. To investigate this, we developed a human ventricular cardiomyocyte model that incorporates electrophysiology, metabolism, and force generation. The model was validated by its ability to reproduce the experimentally observed kinetic properties of human HCM induced by (a) remodelling of several ion channels and Ca2+-handling proteins arising from altered Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II signalling pathways and (b) increased Ca2+ sensitivity of the myofilament proteins. Our simulation showed a decreased phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio (-9%) suggesting a negative mismatch between energy expenditure and supply. Using a spatial myofilament half-sarcomere model, we also compared the fraction of detached, weakly bound, and strongly bound crossbridges in the control and HCM conditions. Our simulations showed that HCM has more crossbridges in force-producing states than in the control condition. In conclusion, our model reveals that impaired crossbridge kinetics is accompanied by a negative mismatch between the ATP supply and demand ratio. This suggests that improving this ratio may reduce the incidence of sudden death in HCM.

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“…Fibrosis could be visible. The diameter of the coronary arteries may be reduced and they may be intramural [ 6 ]. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is one potential source of self-sustaining hypertrophic stimulation in HCM hearts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metalloproteinases and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic condition determined by an altered collagen turnover of the extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) are abnormally released in patients with HCM. The purpose of this systematic review was to thoroughly summarize and discuss the existing knowledge of MMPs profile in patients with HCM. All studies meeting the inclusion criteria (detailed data regarding MMPs in patients with HCM) were selected, after screening the literature from July 1975 to November 2022. Sixteen trials that enrolled a total of 892 participants were included. MMPs–particularly MMP2—levels were found higher in HCM patients compared to healthy subjects. MMPs were used as biomarkers after surgical and percutaneous treatments. Understanding the molecular processes that control the cardiac ECM’s collagen turnover allows for a non-invasive evaluation of HCM patients through the monitoring of MMPs and TIMPs.

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Histopathology in HCM

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome and Viral Nucleocapsid in Various Organs and Systems

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome and Viral Nucleocapsid in Various Organs and Systems

An In Silico Cardiomyocyte Reveals the Impact of Changes in CaMKII Signalling on Cardiomyocyte Contraction Kinetics in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Metalloproteinases and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review

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