Cardiomyopathy in Adult Holstein Friesian Cattle in Britain

Bradley, R.; Jefferies, A. R.; Jackson, Peter; Wijeratne, W. V. S.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80092-8

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although genetic analysis was unavailable in the present three cows, clinical signs of spontaneous heart failure and histopathological features of myocardial lesions were identical to those described previously in most cases of BDC (Tontis et al 1990;Bradley et al 1991;Dolf et al 1998;Furuoka et al 2001;Leifsson and Angerholm 2004;Nart et al 2004a, b;Guziewicz et al 2007). Features of myocardial fibrosis associated with degenerative changes in cardiomyocytes likely corresponded with the duration of illness ranging from 7 to 20 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Bovine dilated cardiomyopathy (BDC), which is an autosomal recessive inheritance-associated primary myocardial disease in cattle of Holstein-Friesian origin, has been observed during the last 30 years in livestock worldwide (Satoh 1988;Tontis et al 1990;Bradley et al 1991;Dolf et al 1998;Furuoka et al 2001; Leifsson and Angerholm 2004;Nart et al 2004a, b;Guziewicz et al 2007). All cases of BDC trace back to a red factor-carrying Holstein-Friesian bull, ABC Reflection Sovereign (Leifsson and Angerholm 2004;Owczarek-Lipska et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical symptoms commonly seen in the affected cattle are heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Typical postmortem findings include a cardiomegaly with dilatation and hypertrophy of all heart chambers, myocardial degeneration, and fibrosis (Tontis et al 1990;Bradley et al 1991;Dolf et al 1998;Nart et al 2004a). Such cardiac lesions have been studied extensively from the histomorphological viewpoint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows affected with bovine dilated cardiomyopathy

Ohfuji¹

2015

Comp Clin Pathol

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Three Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, aged 5 1/3 to 12 years, showed a history of heart failure and were euthanized on separate days. Commonly observed postmortem findings included edema in many sites of the body, dilatation and hypertrophy of the right cardiac ventricle, hepatic congestion, and swollen pale kidneys. Histopathologically, myocardial lesions were comprised of a variety of degenerative changes in cardiomyocytes and interstitial fibrosis, consistent with those described previously in cases of bovine dilated cardiomyopathy in Holstein-Friesian cattle. Additionally, in one of these three cows, unmyelinated nerve fibers of many intracardiac nerve bundles that probably were postganglionic fibers exhibited multifocal segmental degeneration of axons. Degenerated axons were closely associated with Schwann cell pathology, indicating an intimate involvement of axon-Schwann cell interaction. Such an intracardiac autonomic neuropathy might have had an adverse effect on the regulation of heart activity. It is not possible to determine if this intra-cardiac autonomic neuropathy was primary or secondary to the dilated cardiomyopathy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra-cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows affected with bovine dilated cardiomyopathy

Ohfuji¹

2015

Comp Clin Pathol

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“…Consistent with hypertensive lesions in other species, there was fibrinoid necrosis of the vessel walls, a feature absent in the lesions reported here. Systemic proliferative arterial lesions have also been reported in adult Holstein-Friesians with cardiomyopathy (Bradley et al 1991). The hearts in the animals reported here demonstrated no myopathic changes.…”

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confidence: 74%

Antibiotic-Associated Eosinophilic and Occlusive Arteritis in Calves Complicating Preclinical Studies of Left Ventricular Assist Devices

et al. 2012

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Repeated bolus intravenous (IV) administration of large doses of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides has previously been associated with the development of eosinophilic and occlusive arterial lesions limited to the lungs in calves. Reviewing 13 years worth of records from left ventricular assist device implantation studies, morphologically identical segmental arterial lesions were present in 32 of the 56 calves receiving IV antibiotics, affecting lungs (6/50), kidneys (12/56), or lungs and kidneys (14/50). In 16 of these calves, renal arterial lesions spatially colocalized with renal cortical infarctions. Lesions were noted in additional abdominal organs in 4 of the 50 calves and were exclusively present in the liver in a single calf. Similar arterial lesions were also noted in the lungs (3/4), kidneys (1/4), liver (1/4), and spleen (1/4) of unimplanted calves receiving similar IV antibiotic regimens for bacterial infections. Lesions were observed with therapeutic IV doses of cephalosporins with or without aminoglycosides over shorter intervals than previously implicated. Lesions were significantly associated with increased peripheral eosinophil counts and mildly elevated, not reduced, arterial pulse pressures. This report documents the features of an idiosyncratic drug reaction with features strongly suggestive of an acute type-I hypersensitivity in this species.Keywords: antibiotics; arteritis; eosinophilic; occlusive; calves; LVAD.Because of their size, physiology, anatomy, cost, and tractable nature, calves are used for in vivo testing of cardiovascular support devices. In the development and preclinical in vivo testing of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), the inflow cannula of the implanted pump is placed in the ventricular apex, and the outflow cannula is anastomosed to the descending thoracic aorta. As part of device development, the kidneys, because of their downstream location, high blood flow, and end-arterial circulation, are carefully evaluated for the presence of infarctions that could be caused by thromboembolic events related to the device. To prevent infection in chronically implanted animals, prophylactic antibiotics are administered starting prior to the first skin incision and extending for several days postoperatively. Often these animals are anticoagulated to limit device-related thrombosis, and therefore antibiotics are given intravenously (rather than intramuscularly) to avoid both intramuscular hemorrhage and artifactual elevations in serum enzymes due to skeletal muscle injury from injection.In 1979, Majeski and Fitts described the development of eosinophilic and occlusive pulmonary arterial lesions (EOA) in female Hereford calves receiving repeated bolus intravenous (IV) administration of supratherapeutic doses of antibiotics (Majeski and Fitts 1979). Antibiotics given were penicillin (one or two million units) and streptomycin (1 or 2 g) or sodium cephalothin (12 g), and these dosages were administered over a course of 20 to 76 days. More recently, Morton et al. described a...

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“…Specifically, myocarditis might be underdiagnosed in the horse (21,23). If no pathogenic factor for myocarditis can be determined, cardiomyopathy should be considered (4,21,30). Cardiomyopathy is rare in the horse compared to small animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial fibrillation associated with central nervous symptoms and colic in a horse: A case of equine cardiomyopathy

Wijnberg

Kolk

Garderen

et al. 1998

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARYA 18-year-old Dutch Warmblood mare was referred for colic. Upon arrival, lethargy, blindness, head pressing, ataxia, and circling were the main clinical signs. On rectal examination a hard mass and oedema around the cranial mesenteric artery were palpated. Plasma liver enzyme activities and the ammonia level were elevated. Atrial fibrillation with a pulse frequency of 36-52 beats per minute was noticed. On both sides a holosystolic murmer with the maximum intensity on the right side could be auscultated. Postmortem examination revealed eccentric hypertrophy of the right atrium and a pale spotted myocardium, most prominently of the right ventricle, with secondary venous congestion of the azygos and mesenteric veins. The liver changes were indicative of chronic congestion. Despite the normal pulse rate, it appeared that congestive heart failure due to cardiomyopathy, was responsible for the presenting symptoms of this patient.

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Cardiomyopathy in Adult Holstein Friesian Cattle in Britain

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Intra-cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows affected with bovine dilated cardiomyopathy

Intra-cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows affected with bovine dilated cardiomyopathy

Antibiotic-Associated Eosinophilic and Occlusive Arteritis in Calves Complicating Preclinical Studies of Left Ventricular Assist Devices

Atrial fibrillation associated with central nervous symptoms and colic in a horse: A case of equine cardiomyopathy

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