Cardiometabolic index: a new tool for screening the metabolically obese normal weight phenotype

Liu, Xinyao; Wu, Q; Yang, Guangyu; Duan, Jingwen; Chen, Z; Yang, Peng; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Lu, Yao; Yuan, Hong

doi:10.1007/s40618-020-01417-z

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In recent years, studies have found that several indexes related to blood lipids, such as the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) [ 23 , 24 ], triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (TG/HDL-C) [ 25 , 26 ], total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio (TC/HDL-C) [ 27 ] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C) [ 28 ], have significant predictive value for NAFLD, and these combined indexes of blood lipids are better than an isolated lipoprotein in predicting the risk of NAFLD. Additionally, as a new predictor of obesity and blood lipids, the cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been shown to be associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and MS [ 29 – 32 ]. Both CMI and NAFLD have relationships with these diseases, but there is limited available evidence suggesting an association of CMI with NAFLD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of several blood lipid-related indexes in the screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: a cross-sectional study in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China

Wang

Feng

et al. 2021

BMC Gastroenterol

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Background Lipid metabolism disorders play a critical role in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the number of studies on the relationships among blood lipid-related indexes and NAFLD is limited, and few studies have emphasized the comparison of blood lipid-related indexes in the same population to identify the optimal index for NAFLD screening. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among several blood lipid-related indexes and NAFLD, and to find the index with the best screening value for NAFLD. Methods Based on a general health examination at community health service agencies in the Pearl River Delta region of China in 2015, 3239 women were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The relationships among blood lipid-related indexes and NAFLD were assessed separately by constructing multivariate logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate and compare the screening abilities of the indexes for NAFLD. All data analyses were conducted in SPSS and MedCalc software. Results Whether in the crude model or each model adjusted for possible confounding factors, the risk of NAFLD significantly rose with increasing cardiometabolic index (CMI), triglyceride glucose index (TyG), triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (TG/HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio (TC/HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of CMI was 0.744, which was better than that of TyG (0.725), TG/HDL-C (0.715), TC/HDL-C (0.650), and LDL-C/HDL-C (0.644) (P < 0.001). In addition, the optimal cut-off points were 0.62 for CMI, 8.55 for TyG, 1.15 for TG/HDL-C, 4.17 for TC/HDL-C, and 2.22 for LDL-C/HDL-C. Conclusions CMI is easy to obtain, is a recommended index in the screening of NAFLD in women and may be useful for detecting populations that are at high risk of NAFLD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of several blood lipid-related indexes in the screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: a cross-sectional study in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China

Wang

Feng

et al. 2021

BMC Gastroenterol

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“…As a new indicator of visceral adipose tissue distribution and dysfunction, CMI has been closely associated with various diseases since its introduction [33][34][35]. In T2DM, considering that insulin resistance, in ammatory response, and abnormal lipid metabolism are inextricably linked to microalbuminuria production, we speculate that CMI is associated with microalbuminuria excretion and may serve as a novel screening index for early diabetic nephropathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Cardiometabolic Index and Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Jiang

Hao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: In recent years, cardiometabolic index (CMI) has been introduced to predict the risk of diabetes in the general population and is also strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and ischemic stroke, but the relationship between CMI and diabetic microalbuminuria remains unclear. This study intends to investigate the relationship between CMI and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods: 524 subjects (mean age 57.28 ± 10.52 years, 283 males and 241 females) from the Department of Endocrinology, Southwestern Medical University Hospital, China (data collected from June 2017 to June 2019) participated in this study. CMI was calculated by triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(TG/HDL-C) multiply waist-to-height ratio(WHtR). Microalbuminuria was identified by the urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) when the value was between 30–300 mg/g. Multivariate logistic regression aimed to explore the association between CMI and diabetic microalbuminuria; The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to evaluate the predictive value of CMI for microalbuminuria in T2DM patients. Results: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in all participants was 37.8% in men and 41.1% in women. Regardless of gender, CMI was significantly more unfavorable in the microalbuminuria group. The incidence of microalbuminuria increased dose-responsively with increasing CMI quartiles. Modeling CMI as a continuous variable in a multivariate-adjusted model, we observed an independent effect of each 1 SD increase in CMI on the risk of developing microalbuminuria. The relationship was more pronounced in women than in men. In women, the odds ratio(OR) for microalbuminuria was 5.666 (95% CI: 2.247-14.289) in the highest quartile of CMI compared with the lowest quartile; in men, the OR was nearly 4-fold increased(OR: 4.667, 95% CI: 1.910-11.405) in the same situation. The AUC for CMI was 0.681 (0.613 to 0.749) in women and 0.648 (0.582-0.713) in men. Conclusion: High levels of CMI were independently associated with diabetic microalbuminuria, and CMI, a novel index covering lipids and central obesity, explained the gender differences in obesity-related microalbuminuria excretion, an effect that was substantially increased in women. The results of this study provide important insights into the potential usefulness and clinical relevance of CMI for microalbuminuria in Chinese patients with T2DM.Registration number: ChiCTR2100047930Date of registration: On June 27, 2021 (retrospectively registered)

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“…The optimal TyG cut-off value used for the elevated TyG index was 5.76 for men and 6.82 for women [ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the TyG Index and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Metabolically Obese Normal Weight Phenotype

Bhagavathula

Zhang

et al. 2022

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Background. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel surrogate marker of insulin resistance and increases cardiovascular disease risk. We sought to explore sex differences in the relationship between TyG and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in metabolically obese normal weight (MONW) phenotype. Method. We analyzed data of 1208 healthy men and nonpregnant women enrolled in a population-based longitudinal study from January 2017–June 2020. MONW phenotype was defined by normal body mass index (BMI: 18–<25 kg/m2) with at least one of the following metabolic disorders (MONW phenotype): elevated blood pressure (BP), hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia, and low HDL cholesterol. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between elevated TyG index and the CV risk factors in women and men and was presented in odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. Of 1208 subjects, 350 (29%) were MONW phenotype (mean age (years): male: 43.5 ± 12.4 and female: 43.1 ± 12.7) and 858 were metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW; n = 858 (71%)). MONW women had higher mean values of the TyG index (8.03 ± 5.07) than men (7.47 ± 4.68). Multivariate analysis revealed that the elevated TyG index is significantly associated with MONW phenotype in women (adjusted OR: 8.73, 95% CI: 5.62–13.57) and men (aOR: 5.90, 95% CI: 4.23–8.23). TyG was found to be an excellent predictor of MONW status in both women (receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC): 0.979, 95% CI: 0.969–0.988) and men (ROC-AUC: 0.968, 95% CI: 0.952–0.983). Conclusion. Our study revealed that the TyG index may represent a cost-effective and informative screening tool for the high-risk MONW phenotype.

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Cardiometabolic index: a new tool for screening the metabolically obese normal weight phenotype

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Comparison of several blood lipid-related indexes in the screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: a cross-sectional study in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China

Comparison of several blood lipid-related indexes in the screening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women: a cross-sectional study in the Pearl River Delta region of southern China

Correlation Between Cardiometabolic Index and Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Sex Differences in the TyG Index and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Metabolically Obese Normal Weight Phenotype

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