Cardiometabolic comorbidities and rheumatic diseases: Focus on the role of fat mass and adipokines

Lago, Francisca; Gómez, Rodolfo; Conde, Javier; Scotece, Morena; Gómez-Reino, Juan J.; Gualillo, Oreste

doi:10.1002/acr.20488

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Elevated ESR is often linked to active or severe RA; likewise, elevated CRP is associated with longitudinal risk of cardiovascular disease. It seems reasonable to project that greater amounts of adipose tissue are a source of inflammation, which then may lead to heighted disease activity and cardiovascular risk (3,22,48-50). This mechanism has been proposed by several investigators, and our cross-sectional associations provide supportive evidence, but future longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate these pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in assessment of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis

Katz

Yazdany

Trupin

et al. 2012

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective Determine prevalence of obesity and how accurately standard anthropometric measures identify obesity among men and women with RA. Methods Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed for 141 persons with RA (56 men, 85 women). Two anthropometric proxies of obesity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC]) were compared to a DXA-based obesity criterion. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves determined optimal cut-points for each anthropometric measure, relative to DXA. Association of body fat and anthropometric obesity measures with disease status and cardiovascular risk was assessed in multiple regression analyses, controlling for age and glucocorticoid use. All analyses were performed separately for men and women. Results 20%, 32%, and 44% of women, and 41%, 36%, and 80% of men were classified as obese by BMI, WC, and DXA, respectively. Cut-points were identified for anthropometric measures to better approximate DXA estimates of percent body fat (BMI: women, ≥26.1 kg/m2; men ≥24.7 kg/m2. WC: women, ≥83 cm; men, ≥96 cm). For women and men, higher % fat was associated with poorer RA status. Anthropometric measures were more closely linked to RA status for women, but identified cardiovascular risk for both women and men. Conclusions A large percentage of this RA sample was overfat; DXA-defined obesity was twice as common in men than in women. Utility of revised BMI and WC cut-points compared to traditional cut-points remains to be examined in prospective studies, but results suggest that lower, sex-specific cut-points may be warrented to better identify individuals at risk for poor RA and/or cardiovascular outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in assessment of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis

Katz

Yazdany

Trupin

et al. 2012

Arthritis Care & Research

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“…Adipose tissue is now recognized as an endocrine organ able to secrete adipose-derived factors named adipokines. Adipokines have been linked to the pathogenesis of MetS and its comorbidities through their effects on vascular function and inflammation [14, 16, 17]. The present paper reviews recent lines of evidence of the role played by adipokines produced by adipose tissue in the modulation of MetS in the general population and in patients with rheumatic diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Evidence now indicates that MetS begins with excess of central adiposity [13]. Thus, MetS and obesity, in particular, pathologic dysfunction of fat mass, due to altered secretion patterns of proinflammatory adipokines, could be the link between CVDs and rheumatic diseases [14, 15]. Adipose tissue is now recognized as an endocrine organ able to secrete adipose-derived factors named adipokines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipokines, Metabolic Syndrome and Rheumatic Diseases

Abella

Scotece

Conde

et al. 2014

Journal of Immunology Research

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The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic disorders that result from the increasing prevalence of obesity. The major components of MetS include insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. MetS identifies the central obesity with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis, have increased prevalence of CVDs. Moreover, CVD risk is increased when obesity is present in these patients. However, traditional cardiovascular risk factors do not completely explain the enhanced cardiovascular risk in this population. Thus, MetS and the altered secretion patterns of proinflammatory adipokines present in obesity could be the link between CVDs and rheumatic diseases. Furthermore, adipokines have been linked to the pathogenesis of MetS and its comorbidities through their effects on vascular function and inflammation. In the present paper, we review recent evidence of the role played by adipokines in the modulation of MetS in the general population, and in patients with rheumatic diseases.

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“…3 Studies demonstrate the participation of these substances in rheumatic and inflammatory diseases. [4][5][6][7] Leptin acts on the immune system as a proinflammatory cytokine. In animal models, its deficiency is associated with an increased susceptibility to infection and reducing the inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and adiponectin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and laboratory correlations

Barbosa

Francescantônio

Silva

2015

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia (English Edition)

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r e v b r a s r e u m a t o l . 2 0 1 5;5 5(2):140-145 w w w . r e u m a t o l o g i a . c o m . b r Leptin Adiponectin a b s t r a c t Objective: To evaluate the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and correlate their levels with disease activity, presence of autoantibodies and clinical manifestations.Methods: 52 women with SLE and 33 healthy women were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups, the first with active SLE and the second with inactive SLE. Patients with SLEDAI ≥3 were considered active. Serum levels of leptin (ng/mL) and adiponectin (g/mL) were measured by enzyme immunoassay.Results: There was a significant difference in leptin levels between SLE and controls (20.7 ± 17.1 vs. 8.0 ± 5.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001), but no significant difference in adiponectin levels (87 5 ± 69.7 vs. 118.1 ± 70.6 pg/mL, p = 0.053). No significant difference in levels of leptin and adiponectin was noted between inactive and active SLE groups. There was a significant association between low levels of leptin and positivity for anticardiolipin (aCL) (p = 0.025) and lupus anticoagulant (LA) (p = 0.003) and a significant association between high levels of leptin and the presence of renal disease (p < 0.001). However, there was no association between adiponectin levels with autoantibodies and clinical features in SLE patients. Conclusion: Patients with SLE had elevated leptin levels, with association with renal involvement. Leptin and adiponectin were not correlated with disease activity. Low levels of leptin have been associated with the presence of LA and aCL. r e v b r a s r e u m a t o l . 2 0 1 5;5 5(2):140-145 141 Leptina e adiponectina no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico: correlações clínicas e laboratoriais Palavras-chave: Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico Leptina Adiponectina r e s u m o Objetivo: Avaliar os níveis séricos de leptina e adiponectina em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) e correlacionar seus níveis com atividade inflamatória, presença de autoanticorpos e manifestaç ões clínicas. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 52 mulheres com LES e 33 mulheres saudáveis. As pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos, o primeiro com LES ativo e o segundo com LES inativo.Foram consideradas em atividade as paciente com Sledai ≥ 3. Os níveis séricos de leptina (ng/mL) e adiponectina (ug/mL) foram medidos por ensaio imunoenzimático.Resultados: Houve diferença significativa nos níveis de leptina entre LES e controle (20,7 ± 17,1 vs. 8,0 ± 5,0 ng/mL, p < 0,001), mas não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de adiponectina (87,5 ± 69,7 vs. 118,1 ± 70,6 ug/mL, p = 0,053). Entre LES inativo e ativo, não houve diferença significativa dos níveis de leptina e adiponectina. Houve uma associação significativa entre os baixos níveis de leptina e positividade para anticardiolipina (aCL) (p = 0,025) e anticoagulante lúpico (LA) (p = 0,003) e uma associação significativa entre níveis elevados de leptina e da presença de manifestação renal (p < 0,001). No entanto, não houve associaçã...

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Cardiometabolic comorbidities and rheumatic diseases: Focus on the role of fat mass and adipokines

Cited by 23 publications

References 106 publications

Sex differences in assessment of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis

Sex differences in assessment of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis

Adipokines, Metabolic Syndrome and Rheumatic Diseases

Leptin and adiponectin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and laboratory correlations

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