Cardiolipin linoleic acid content and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity are associated in rat skeletal muscle

Fajardo, Val A.; McMeekin, Lauren; Saint, Caitlin; LeBlanc, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2015.02.004

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Conversely, the reduction in CL content in the unloaded soleus may lead to reductions in membrane curvature and a ‘loose’ association between the respiratory complexes ultimately lowering mitochondrial respiration. With respect to CL 18:2 n 6 composition, we and others have demonstrated the positive impact of CL 18:2 n 6 composition on mitochondrial enzymatic activity 12–14 . Thus, the increase in CL 18:2 n 6 composition in the overloaded plantaris may be necessary to support an increased mitochondrial content and meet the increased contractile metabolic demand of becoming a postural muscle in the absence of functional soleus and gastrocnemius.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Although CL’s fatty acid composition varies across tissue types 1 , linoleic acid (18:2 n 6) is the dominate fatty acid bound to CL in cardiac and skeletal muscle 4, 10, 11 . In these tissues, reductions in CL 18:2 n 6 composition can compromise mitochondrial function, as shown with impairments in cytochrome c oxidase activity 12–14 . Moreover, reductions in CL 18:2 n 6 composition and CL content due to mutations in the tafazzin gene ( Taz ) is the primary defect underlying Barth syndrome - a rare congenital myopathy characterized by structural and functional mitochondrial abnormalities, cardio/skeletal myopathy, exercise intolerance and greater reactive oxygen species (ROS) production 7, 11, 15–17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiolipin content, linoleic acid composition, and tafazzin expression in response to skeletal muscle overload and unload stimuli

Fajardo

Mikhaeil

Leveille

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Cardiolipin (CL) is a unique mitochondrial phospholipid that, in skeletal muscle, is enriched with linoleic acid (18:2n6). Together, CL content and CL 18:2n6 composition are critical determinants of mitochondrial function. Skeletal muscle is comprised of slow and fast fibers that have high and low mitochondrial content, respectively. In response to overloading and unloading stimuli, these muscles undergo a fast-to-slow oxidative fiber type shift and a slow-to-fast glycolytic fiber type shift, respectively, with a concomitant change in mitochondrial content. Here, we examined changes in CL content and CL 18:2n6 composition under these conditions along with tafazzin (Taz) protein, which is a transacylase enzyme that generates CL lipids enriched with 18:2n6. Our results show that CL content, CL 18:2n6 composition, and Taz protein content increased with an overload stimulus in plantaris. Conversely, CL content and CL 18:2n6 composition was reduced with an unloaded stimulus in soleus. Interestingly, Taz protein was increased in the unloaded soleus, suggesting that Taz may provide some form of compensation for decreased CL content and CL 18:2n6 composition. Together, this study highlights the dynamic nature of CL and Taz in skeletal muscle, and future studies will examine the physiological significance behind the changes in CL content, CL 18:2n6 and Taz.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiolipin content, linoleic acid composition, and tafazzin expression in response to skeletal muscle overload and unload stimuli

Fajardo

Mikhaeil

Leveille

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…In rats, PUFA-containing diets do not alter head-groups of skeletal muscle mitochondrial phospholipids, but increase PUFAs in mitochondrial CL. Mitochondrial CL PUFA content is in turn positively correlated with cytochrome c oxidase activity [77]. In humans, some studies suggest that PUFA-containing diets induce mitochondrial biogenesis [78], while other studies provide evidence that some functions of mitochondrial respiration might be improved [79].…”

Section: Impact Of Diet On Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Phospholipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking Beyond Structure: Membrane Phospholipids of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria

Heden

Neufer

Funai

2016

Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Skeletal muscle mitochondria are highly dynamic and capable of tremendous expansion to meet cellular energetic demands. Such proliferation in mitochondrial mass requires a synchronized supply of enzymes and structural phospholipids. While transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial enzymes has been extensively studied, there is limited information on how mitochondrial membrane lipids are generated in skeletal muscle. Herein we describe how each class of phospholipids that constitute mitochondrial membranes are synthesized and/or imported, and summarize genetic evidence indicating that membrane phospholipid composition represents a significant modulator of skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory function. We also discuss how skeletal muscle mitochondrial phospholipids may mediate the effect of diet and exercise on oxidative metabolism.

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“…This stage of the biosynthesis requires remarkable specificity of the engaged enzymatic catalysts as it has to overcome the entropy-driven diversification of randomly integrated acyls in favor of stochastically almost impossible selection of only few homo-acylated CL species. The predominant presence of tetra-linoleoyl CLs in the heart, skeletal muscles and liver of mammals [35, 37, 38] illustrates the extraordinary transacylase selectivity of the process. While it is evident that high levels of selectivity is presumably associated with some function of homo-acylated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) CLs, their actual unique role remains unidentified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Known unknowns of cardiolipin signaling: The best is yet to come

Maguire

Tyurina

Mohammadyani

et al. 2017

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

102

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Since its discovery 75 years ago, a wealth of knowledge has accumulated on the role of cardiolipin, the hallmark phospholipid of mitochondria, in bioenergetics and particularly on the structural organization of the inner mitochondrial membrane. A surge of interest in this anionic doubly-charged tetra-acylated lipid found in both prokaryotes and mitochondria has emerged based on its newly discovered signaling functions. Cardiolipin displays organ, tissue, cellular and transmembrane distribution asymmetries. A collapse of the membrane asymmetry represents a pro-mitophageal mechanism whereby externalized cardiolipin acts as an “eat-me” signal. Oxidation of cardiolipin's polyunsaturated acyl chains - catalyzed by cardiolipin complexes with cytochrome c. - is a pro-apoptotic signal. The messaging functions of myriads of cardiolipin species and their oxidation products are now being recognized as important intracellular and extracellular signals for innate and adaptive immune systems. This newly developing field of research exploring cardiolipin signaling is the main subject of this review.

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Cardiolipin linoleic acid content and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity are associated in rat skeletal muscle

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Cardiolipin content, linoleic acid composition, and tafazzin expression in response to skeletal muscle overload and unload stimuli

Cardiolipin content, linoleic acid composition, and tafazzin expression in response to skeletal muscle overload and unload stimuli

Looking Beyond Structure: Membrane Phospholipids of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria

Known unknowns of cardiolipin signaling: The best is yet to come

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