Cardiac Transplantation for Pediatric Giant Cell Myocarditis

Das, Bibhuti B.; Recto, Michael R.; Johnsrude, Christopher L.; Klein, Laura; Orman, Karen L.; Shoemaker, Lawrence; Mitchell, Michael J.; Austin, Erle H.

doi:10.1016/j.healun.2005.11.444

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The youngest patient reported to develop GCM was a 6-week-old infant. 7 Pediatric cases (defined as age 19 years at disease onset) comprised 6% (4 of 63) of the multicenter GCM registry. 8 While pediatric GCM shows many similarities to adult GCM, one important distinction is that the disease course in children appears to be even more aggressive.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…8 While pediatric GCM shows many similarities to adult GCM, one important distinction is that the disease course in children appears to be even more aggressive. 7,8 In a review of 15 pediatric GCM cases, all patients either died or required heart transplant. 7 Despite being a relatively infrequent cause of myocarditis overall, GCM has been reported to account for approximately 17% of all myocarditis fatalities.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…7,8 In a review of 15 pediatric GCM cases, all patients either died or required heart transplant. 7 Despite being a relatively infrequent cause of myocarditis overall, GCM has been reported to account for approximately 17% of all myocarditis fatalities. 9 Most patients (!75%) present with rapid-onset congestive heart failure.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Giant Cell Myocarditis: A Brief Review

Brooks²

2016

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rapidly progressive and frequently fatal disease that mainly affects young to middle-aged previously healthy individuals. Early diagnosis is critical, as recent studies have shown that rapidly instituted cyclosporine-based immunosuppression can reduce inflammation and improve transplant-free survival. Before the 1980s, GCM was mainly a diagnosis made at autopsy. Owing to advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic options, it is now increasingly diagnosed on the basis of endomyocardial biopsies, explanted hearts, or apical wedge sections removed at the time of ventricular assist device placement. Histologic examination remains the gold standard for diagnosis; however, there are many possible etiologies for cardiac giant cells. Having a working knowledge of the clinicopathologic features that distinguish GCM from other giant cell–containing lesions is essential, since such lesions can have widely divergent management and outcome.

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Giant Cell Myocarditis: A Brief Review

Brooks²

2016

Archives of Pathology &Amp; Laboratory Medicine

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“…The role of MCS and heart transplantation in children with GCM has recently been reviewed by Das, et al [2] They report that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or a ventricular assist device is usually needed as a bridge to transplantation. However, a limitation of their data is that few children were treated with immunosuppression prior to transplantation.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] All 19 children with GCM reported since the first case have died or required heart transplantation after a brief illness. [2] Although cases of pediatric GCM are infrequent, an analysis of the published data permits preliminary conclusions regarding the natural history, benefits of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), immunosuppression, and transplantation in children with GCM.…”

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confidence: 99%

Giant cell myocarditis in children

Cooper

2007

Progress in Pediatric Cardiology

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Giant cell myocarditis is a rare cause of heart failure and arrhythmias in children. In the multicenter GCM registry, 4 of 63 cases (6%) occurred in subjects less than age 19. In this manuscript, these 4 cases are summarized and the findings related to other published reports. Unlike pediatric lymphocytic myocarditis, that generally has a good prognosis despite a fulminant clinical course, GCM usually results in death or heart transplantation. In children as in adults, GCM can often be distinguished clinically by a failure to respond to usual care and the frequent occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias or heart block in the setting of acute cardiomyopathy. GCM is also associated with other immune-mediated disorders in about 20% of patients. In children associated immune-mediated disorders have only been observed in females. Prompt endomyocardial biopsy in the setting of suspected GCM can affect choice of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), lead to early listing for cardiac transplantation, and consideration of cyclosporine-based immunosuppression.

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