Cardiac calcification as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and predictor of cardiovascular events: A review of the evidence

Percutaneous treatment of heavily calcified coronary lesions still represents a challenge for interventional cardiology, with higher risk of immediate complications, late failure due to stent underexpansion and malapposition, and consequently poor clinical outcome. Good characterisation of calcium distribution with multimodal imaging is important to improve the successful treatment of these lesions. The use of traditional or new dedicated devices for the treatment of calcified lesions allows better lesion preparation; therefore, it is important that we know the different mechanisms and technical features of these devices.

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“…[10–14] Spotty calcifications are associated with unstable plaques and acute coronary syndrome. [15]…”

Section: Coronary Calcification As a Predictor Of Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Approach to Heavily Calcified Coronary Lesions

et al. 2019

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“…Finally, recent clinical evidence suggests that cardiac calcifications, as detected by echocardiography at mitral apparatus, aortic valve or ascending aorta, may be also predictive for future cardiovascular events. 13 Therefore, existing data sustain the use of imaging biomarkers, which are proxies of atherosclerotic disease, for cardiovascular risk prediction even in asymptomatic low-risk subjects. The awareness of having atherosclerosis may motivate the patient to adhere to primary prevention recommendations, as is also underlined in the paper of € Ostgren et al Yet, the optimal method(s) is/are still waiting for validation and cost-effective analysis.…”

Section: And Carlo Palombomentioning

confidence: 96%

Imaging subclinical atherosclerosis in cardiovascular risk stratification

Kozàkovà

Palombo

2020

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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“…CAC quantified by the Agatston score has been known to be an excellent biomarker of atherosclerosis, independently predicting clinical outcomes, such as coronary heart disease [24][25][26]. In our group, after performing the computed tomography scans, 274 individuals were classified into the SA group (individuals with a CAC score > 0), while 672 participants comprised the healthy control group (CAC score = 0).…”

Section: Definition Of Subclinical Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Variants in IL-20 Gene are Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and IL-20 Levels in the Cohort of the Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease (GEA) Mexican Study

et al. 2020

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Inflammation has been involved in the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and obesity. Interleukin 20 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine encoded by a polymorphic gene located in chromosome 1. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of two IL-20 polymorphisms (rs1400986 and rs1518108) with subclinical atherosclerosis (SA), cardiovascular risk factors and IL-20 levels in a cohort of Mexican individuals. The polymorphisms were determined in 274 individuals with SA and 672 controls. Under different models, rs1400986 (OR = 0.51, Pcodominant1 = 0.0001; OR = 0.36, Pcodominant2 = 0.014; OR = 0.49, Pdominant = 0.0001 and OR = 0.55, Padditive = 0.0001) and rs1518108 (OR = 0.62, Pcodominant2 = 0.048 and OR = 0.79, Padditive = 0.048) were associated with a lower risk of SA. These polymorphisms were associated with cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with SA and controls. Controls with the rs1400986 TT genotype presented high levels of IL-20 (p = 0.031). In individuals with the rs1400986 CC genotype, we observed a negative correlation between IL-20 levels and total abdominal tissue (TAT), visceral abdominal tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal tissue (SAT). Our results indicate that the IL-20 rs1400986 and rs1518108 polymorphisms were associated with decreased risk of developing SA and with some cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with SA and healthy controls. Negative correlation between BMI and VAT/SAT ratio in individuals with rs1400986 CC genotype and among IL-20 levels and TAT, VAT and SAT was observed.

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Cardiac calcification as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and predictor of cardiovascular events: A review of the evidence

Cited by 49 publications

References 110 publications

Contemporary Approach to Heavily Calcified Coronary Lesions

Contemporary Approach to Heavily Calcified Coronary Lesions

Imaging subclinical atherosclerosis in cardiovascular risk stratification

Common Variants in IL-20 Gene are Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and IL-20 Levels in the Cohort of the Genetics of Atherosclerotic Disease (GEA) Mexican Study

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